Nature:正向变构调节剂(PAM)有望成为新型非阿片类止痛药

2021-09-09 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

慢性疼痛仍然是全球普遍存在的健康负担,目前阿片类药物是治疗中度至严重急性疼痛的处方最广泛的止痛药之一,但这些止痛药的使用往往会表现出严重的不良反应,比如呼吸抑制、恶心和便秘,以及成瘾和耐受性。

慢性疼痛仍然是全球普遍存在的健康负担,目前阿片类药物是治疗中度至严重急性疼痛的处方最广泛的止痛药之一,但这些止痛药的使用往往会表现出严重的不良反应,比如呼吸抑制、恶心和便秘,以及成瘾和耐受性,尤其是神经性疼痛。

近日,莫纳什研究人员取得一项突破性成果开,发出非阿片类药物为安全有效的治疗疼痛铺平道路。该研究发表在Nature 杂志上。

神经性疼痛是躯体感觉系统的损害或疾病直接导致的疼痛,可由外伤和(或)疾病致末梢神经、脊髓后根、脊髓及其以上中枢神经某些部位损伤而引发。

长期以来,靶向腺苷A1受体蛋白被认为是非阿片类止痛药治疗神经性疼痛的治疗靶点,但由于缺乏足够的靶向选择性以及不良副作用,止痛药的开发失败了。

在这项研究中,研究人员使用电生理学和临床前疼痛模型来验证一类特殊的分子,称为正向变构调节剂PAM),可以结合到 A1 受体的不同区域来提供具有选择性的靶向 A1 受体。

腺苷(紫色球体)和变构配体 MIPS521(粉色、绿色和紫色)  激活人腺苷 A1 受体(蓝色).

同时,该研究的另一项突破是通过应用冷冻电子显微镜 (cryoEM) 来解决 A1 受体与其天然激活剂、腺苷和镇痛剂 PAM 结合的高分辨率结构,从而提供了首个原子级快照。

研究作者表示,世界正处于全球阿片类药物危机的控制之下,迫切需要非阿片类药物既安全又有效的药物。这项研究帮助我们更好地了解支持变构药物作用的机制。同时, PAM 不仅能够以最小的不良影响减轻神经性疼痛,而且随着脊髓中的疼痛信号变得更强,有效性水平更高,从而突出了对疾病拥有独特敏感性变构的药物。

原始出处

Positive allosteric mechanisms of adenosine A1 receptor-mediated analgesiaNature (2021). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03897-2 , www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03897-2

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    2022-01-23 liye789132251
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    2021-09-11 lhlxtx
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    2021-09-09 T2DM终结者

    突破

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