微创外科周 :肝硬化患者可行腹腔镜胆囊切除术

2013-10-23 佚名 医学论坛网

意大利福贾市大学的Vincenzo Neri医生在年度微创外科周上报告称,对于很多需要行胆囊切除操作的肝硬化患者而言,腹腔镜胆囊切除术是一种很好的选择。除了能快速有效地缓解急性疾病之外,腹腔镜胆囊切除术还可能提供未来获益。 他展示的这项回顾性分析的目的是在接受胆囊切除术的肝硬化患者中评估腹腔镜方法的安全性和有效性。这个系列中包括65例肝硬化和有症状的胆石症患者。其中,6例计划行开放式手术,其他行

意大利福贾市大学的Vincenzo Neri医生在年度微创外科周上报告称,对于很多需要行胆囊切除操作的肝硬化患者而言,腹腔镜胆囊切除术是一种很好的选择。除了能快速有效地缓解急性疾病之外,腹腔镜胆囊切除术还可能提供未来获益。

他展示的这项回顾性分析的目的是在接受胆囊切除术的肝硬化患者中评估腹腔镜方法的安全性和有效性。这个系列中包括65例肝硬化和有症状的胆石症患者。其中,6例计划行开放式手术,其他行腹腔镜操作。有12例患者转为开放手术。患者平均年龄为58岁。一半以上有至少2种合并疾病,包括高血压(14%)、心脏病(9%)、糖尿病(12%)、呼吸系统疾病(8%)、脑血管疾病(4%)和其他问题(11%)。在这组患者中,51%的总胆红素超过1 mg/dl.61%的患者白蛋白水平升高,31%的患者血小板计数低于160,000/mcL.1/4以上患者(27%)凝血酶原时间延长。大约45%的患者Child-Pugh分级为A级,20%为B级,其他为C级。仅24例患者术前已知患有肝硬化。其他患者是在住院期间做出肝硬化诊断。住院和手术的最常见指征为胆绞痛(37%)。其他指征包括急性胆囊炎(17%)、急性胆源性胰腺炎(5%)、胆囊和总胆管结石(5%)以及急性胆囊炎伴胆管炎(1%)。除此之外的指征未详细说明。在12例转为开放式手术的患者中,4例是由于急性胆囊炎。其他转换原因为既往腹腔镜手术(3)、急性胰腺炎(2)、肝左叶肥厚(2)和术中胆管造影(1)。

研究者将这些患者的手术结局与未经选择的81例接受腹腔镜胆囊切除术的非肝硬化患者(对照组)进行了比较。

结果显示,肝硬化腹腔镜手术组的平均手术时间为89分钟,与对照组相似(85分钟)。在肝硬化患者中,计划开放手术和转为开放式手术的持续时间大致相同(分别为141和149分钟)。肝硬化腹腔镜手术组和非肝硬化对照组的住院时间分别为5天和3天。开放手术或转为开放手术患者的平均住院时间分别为9天和8天。腹腔镜组的输血率为4%,开放手术和转为开放手术组的输血率均为17%.腹腔镜组、开放手术组和转为开放手术组分别有14%、17%和33%的患者需要输注血液制品。Child-Pugh分级为B 患者中输注血液制品发生率显著增高,有26%需要输注血浆,21%需要输血,21%需要输注血小板。在Child-Pugh分级为A的患者中,4%需要输注血浆,3%需要输血,3%需要输注血小板。在Child-Pugh分级为C的患者中,无一需要输注血液制品。计划开放手术和转为开放手术的患者术后并发症较腹腔镜组显著增高(分别为27%和5%)。并发症包括一过性腹水(分别为16%和8%)和伤口血肿(分别为8%和4%)。

研究者总结认为,肝硬化患者接受腹腔镜胆囊切除术的结局与非肝硬化患者相似。

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    2013-10-25 vera_1203
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