未来可期!国产PD1抑制剂助力中国晚期NSCLC二线新选择

2021-05-11 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

替雷利珠单抗和信迪利单抗二线治疗明显改善晚期NSCLC患者的OS和PFS,可作为二线治疗的新选择。

非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)是肺癌的主要类型。目前对于驱动基因阴性晚期NSCLC治疗已经进入免疫治疗时代,一线治疗推荐免疫单药或联合化疗。我国是全球肺癌第一大国,但由于治疗水平、药物可及性、以及用药人群筛选等客观原因的限制,仍然有大量患者在一线治疗没有选择免疫治疗。 一线化疗失败后,二线多接受多西他赛或培美曲塞,但单药化疗的有效率低,获益十分有限。目前,在我国获批NSCLC二线适应症的免疫治疗药物仅有纳武利尤单抗(俗称O药)。 但对于很多中国患者来说,O药的费用仍然较高,患者经济负担较重。

在今年的AACR会议上,晚期NSCLC二线治疗中,公布了同济大学附属上海市肺科医院周彩存教授团队领衔的RATIONALE 303研究和中国医学科学院肿瘤医院石远凯教授团队领衔的ORIENT-3研究的数据。

RATIONALE 303研究,是一项随机、开放性、多中心的全球III期临床试验,旨在评估替雷利珠单抗对比多西他赛用于治疗接受铂类化疗后出现疾病进展的二/三线局部晚期或转移性NSCLC患者的有效性和安全性。

研究数据显示:中位总生存(OS),替雷利珠单抗vs多西他赛为17.2个月 vs. 11.9个月,HR=0.64,95%CI(0.527-0.778),p<0.0001,替雷利珠单抗明显改善患者OS,患者死亡风险下降36%; 2年OS率为化疗组的1.6倍(39.4% vs. 25.0%)。

                       两者的总生存(OS)

客观缓解率(ORR): 21.9% vs. 7.0%,中位缓解持续时间(DOR):13.5个月 vs. 6.2个月。

                          两组的ORR和DOR

安全性显著优于化疗:不良反应发生率普遍低于化疗组,未出现新安全性信号,3级以上治疗相关的不良反应发生率:14% vs 66%。

结论:RATIONALE 303研究显示,与多西他赛相比,替雷利珠单抗二线/三线治疗可明显改善晚期NSCLC患者的OS、 PFS和ORR。

 

ORIENT-3是一项III期研究,旨在评估信迪利单抗对比多西他赛用于晚期鳞状非小细胞肺癌(sqNSCLC)二线治疗的疗效和安全性。

研究数据显示:中位总生存(OS),信迪利单抗vs多西他赛为11.79个月vs 8.25个月(HR=0.74,P=0.02489),信迪利单抗明显改善患者的OS。中位无进展生存期(PFS),4.30个月vs 2.79个月(HR=0.52,P<0.00001),两组确认的ORR分别为25.5%和2.2%。 
 治疗相关不良事件发生率:信迪利单抗组为84.7%,多西他赛组为83.1%,最常见的不良事件分别为甲状腺功能减退(18.1%)和脱发(34.6%)。信迪利单抗组(18.1%)的3级以上治疗相关不良事件发生率低于多西他赛
(36.2%)。

结论:与多西他赛相比,信迪利单抗用于晚期sqNSCLC患者二线治疗可明显改善患者PFS和OS。

综上,作为我国两种自主研发的PD1抑制剂,能够明显改善晚期NSCLC的OS和PFS, 可作为二线治疗方案新的选择。目前替雷利珠单抗和信迪利单抗已获批其他适应症,也在医保目录中,价格也大幅度下降,相信不久获批二线或后线的适应症,让中国肺癌患者早日获益。

参考文献:

CT039 - Results from RATIONALE 303: A global phase 3 study of tislelizumab (TIS) vs docetaxel (TAX) as second- or third-line therapy for patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC.

CT041 - ORIENT-3: A randomized, open-label, phase 3 study of sintilimab versus docetaxel in previously treated advanced/metastatic squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (sqNSCLC).

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    2022-03-03 jklm09
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    2021-05-11 肿肿

    NSCLC下一步突破在于新靶点了,靶向治疗和免疫治疗基本见顶了,再有新的就需要新机制了

    0

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