BMC Med:吸烟增加关节置换术患者不良预后的风险

2015-11-21 MedSci MedSci原创

手术时使用烟草与THA或TKA术后深部感染和植入物修复的风险增加有关联。未来的研究应着重于确定THA或TKA手术前患者戒烟的最佳时间,提高关节置换术患者的短期和长期预后。

弗吉尼亚州医学中心手术医疗急救服务和转运医疗服务中心Jasvinder A Singh和同事研究发现吸烟增加全髋关节成形术或全膝关节成形术患者术后植入物修复和深部组织感染的比例。研究结果2015年11月19日在BMC Medicine在线发表。

背景: 吸烟是导致一些患者发生手术后不良预后的危险因素之一。这项研究旨在比较行THA (total hip arthroplasty ,全髋关节置换术)或TKA(total knee arthroplasty,全膝关节置换术)的患者中,吸烟与否对术后并发症的发生率有影响。

方法: 研究时间是2010-2013,纳入在梅奥诊所行THA或TKA的患者。

将受试者分成两组:观察组:手术时仍在吸食烟草的患者,烟草种类包括香烟、雪茄、烟管或无烟烟草。对照组:手术时没有吸食烟草的患者,包括有过吸烟史或者从不吸烟的患者。

使用Cox比例风险回归模型评估手术时吸食烟草与THA / TKA术后并发症的关联,使用危险比和95%可信区间。

结果: 所有受试者中有7926例患者(95%)的数据可用,446例(5%)患者的数据不可用,其中有565例患者(7%)是当前使用烟草患者。

与对照组相比较,观察组患者有以下特点:倾向于为男性患者(P<0.001),体型中等或瘦弱(P≤0.008),年龄在60岁以上(P<0.001),Charlson得分> 0(P<0.001),行TKA (P<0.001)。

与对照组相比较,观察组深部感染的风险增加(HR 2.37,95 CI 1.19-4.72,P= 0.01),植入物修复的风险也增加(HR 1.78, 95 % CI 1.01-3.13,P=0.04)。两组间关节假体断裂或手术切口表面感染的发生率没有显著性差异。

结论: 手术时使用烟草与THA或TKA术后深部感染和植入物修复的风险增加有关联。未来的研究应着重于确定THA或TKA手术前患者戒烟的最佳时间,提高关节置换术患者的短期和长期预后。

原始出处

Jasvinder A Singh1, Cathy Schleck, Scott Harmsen, et all. Current tobacco use is associated with higher rates of implant revision and deep infection after total hip or knee arthroplasty: a prospective cohort study. BMC Medicine 2015,13:283.Published:  19 November 2015.

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    2017-08-07 hfuym10906

    学习了学习了学习了学习了

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    2015-12-09 yxch48
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血浆同型半胱氨酸(tHcy) 浓度的增加可能是心血管疾病的独立危险因子,少量研究表明,B族维生素可以减少tHcy浓度。N-乙酰半胱氨酸 (NAC),一种含硫醇的抗氧化剂,可以减少tHcy浓度以及降低血压。研究者进行了一项双盲随机对照试验,探究NAC对tHcy等的影响。该研究有40人在高脂血症性组(HYL),42人在正常血脂组(NOL),根据吸烟与否进行分层。研究者评估了口服NAC (1.8 g/d

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过去的美国女性开始吸烟的年龄通常迟于男性,并且吸烟相关癌症风险也低于男性。不过现在越来越多的出生队列研究提示女性和男性吸烟史越来越接近,并且出现了肿瘤高危险年龄段人群。这些变化对肿瘤的发生情况的影响目前还没有系统的探究过。研究者对该问题进行了一项研究,共纳入了186 057名女性和266 074 名男性,在1995年纳入研究时参与者年龄在50-71之间,对其随访11年。该队列的参与者出生于1924

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基于目前美国预防服务工作组(USPSTF)推荐,应该对具有每年吸烟数量在30包以上的人群、曾经吸烟、近15年内戒烟的人群进行低剂量计算机断层扫描肺癌筛查。本研究调查了每年吸烟数量在20-29包的吸烟人群及有吸烟史人群肺癌发生风险,以及这些人群是否有不同的人口统计特征。 研究人员通过查看胸部X射线进行前列腺癌、肺癌、结直肠癌和卵巢癌筛查试验数据进行了的一项随机分配试验,受试者在55岁到74岁。受试

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老龄、肥胖和不健康行为是导致中国中山市居民健康状况较差的高危因素。这些发现强调了为了改善健康状况认识和管理有害健康行为的重要性

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吸烟能够影响肺腺癌患者的EGFR基因突变,然而,目前尚不清楚肺腺癌患者吸烟与EGFR突变之间的关系。 研究人员应用Sanger直接测序法评估了在2001年到2013年间接受治疗的1175例肺腺癌患者的EGFR突变情况。整体突变率为59.6%,其中女性突变率明显高于男性(69.1% vs. 49.8%),以及吸烟者明显高于不吸烟者(73.8% vs. 29.8%)(P < 0.001)。通过