PLoS Med:牛津大学发现运动量大小与身体获益成正比!

2021-02-14 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

有证据显示,高强度的锻炼与心血管疾病(CVD)的风险成反比。

有证据显示,高强度的锻炼与血管疾病(CVD)的风险成反比。然而,大部分证据相关探究中的运动问卷不太精确,并且后者在由年龄、性别和社会经济地位定义的人群亚组中具有不同的有效性。

此外,基于调查问卷的方法不太适合捕捉一天中发生的偶然活动,因此不能有效测量特定时间段内发生的所有运动。因此,这可能导致运动与CVD之间联系强度的估计的不确定性。例如,增加运动水平是否与额外的心血管益处相关?

使用客观测量仪器,如腕戴式加速传感器能够将运动的频率、强度和持续时间进行全面测量。虽然越来越多的研究检查了客观测量的运动量和死亡率之间的关系,但很少有人评估其与CVD之间的关系。

为此,来自英国牛津大学的专家牵头调查了90211名来自英国生物库中参与者的运动强度与动脉粥样硬化斑块之间的关系,所有参与者的运动量通过加速传感器进行客观、精确的观测量。结果发表在最新的PLOS Medicine杂志上。

研究人员选取了英国生物库中90211名既往无CVD的参与者,选择2013-2015年间的任意7天,使用传感器评估运动的强度及总运动量。

结果显示,总运动量最少的参与者往往有吸烟习惯,同时体重指数(BMI)和C反应蛋白水平更高,高血压患者更多。在440004人-年的随访期间(中位时间为 5.2年),使用Cox回归模型发现,运动量与3617例CVD事件相关。

进一步分析发现,中等强度或高强度的体力活动,以及活动总量较高,都与CVD风险下降有关,而且呈现线性关系。也就是运动量越多强度越大,心血管获益就越明显,这种好处没有上限!

具体说来,根据不同的运动量,将所有参与者分为从高到低4个等级(例如每周中等强度运动超过927分钟的,就是运动量最高的前1/4人群,而低于524分钟的则是运动量最低的1/4人群)。对于中等强度的体力活动者,运动量排名前1/4的参与者比后1/4的参与者CVD风险降低54%;对于高强度活动者为59%;而对于总运动则为53%。

即使达不到运动量最多或强度最大,只要有一定的中高强度运动,CVD风险都能不同程度的下降。此外,运动对缺血性心脏病(最典型的是冠心病)和脑血管疾病的影响基本相当,参与者的性别和基础疾病也不会影响获益。

研究人员指出,运动越多的人往往生活习惯更健康,而不运动的人则会集中一些不良习惯。虽然大家都知道运动对心血管有益,但却没想到好处比预想的还要多,而且研究结果证实了多动=多获益的新证据。

综上,还是那句话,动起来一定比不动强,多动一定比少动强!

 

参考文献:

Ramakrishnan R, et al. Accelerometer measured physical activity and the incidence of cardiovascular disease: Evidence from the UK Biobank cohort study. PLoS Med. 2021 Jan 12;18(1):e1003487. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003487.

 

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2059227, encodeId=1b9c205922ead, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=739f94235ce' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#运动量#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94235, encryptionId=739f94235ce, topicName=运动量)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8f5b299, createdName=xuyu, createdTime=Wed Dec 15 21:03:04 CST 2021, time=2021-12-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=973628, encodeId=9d4b9e36281f, content=非常实用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210213/f6efe772e64a4d43a4f84fa895d5563e/03b3c2b9f0cd4e128f02dd2ffc620743.jpg, createdBy=897d1605912, createdName=zhangwangwei, createdTime=Tue Jun 15 05:23:18 CST 2021, time=2021-06-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1414846, encodeId=aa62141484671, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0bef6e76490' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#牛津大学#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67764, encryptionId=0bef6e76490, topicName=牛津大学)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a9de34, createdName=zhangpaul93, createdTime=Tue Feb 16 09:03:04 CST 2021, time=2021-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1610895, encodeId=aa6e16108954b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Tue Feb 16 09:03:04 CST 2021, time=2021-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=924706, encodeId=ca22924e06d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5d66942366c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#运动锻炼#</a>与身体<a href='/topic/show?id=d18a2e6994a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#健康#</a>应该是双曲线型,过大和过小均不好,过度锻炼容易造成运动损伤,对身体同样伤害大。只有适度的锻炼才是最佳的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=177, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94236, encryptionId=5d66942366c, topicName=运动锻炼), TopicDto(id=27699, encryptionId=d18a2e6994a, topicName=健康)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=健康达人, createdTime=Mon Feb 15 11:05:23 CST 2021, time=2021-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=924654, encodeId=c6b092465438, content=科学依据, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210127/50a003c4097845e182c08afd64d8a509/bd766dfebe9c40e0bca2dae964601bdc.jpg, createdBy=22de5454917, createdName=carrotlyl, createdTime=Mon Feb 15 07:51:27 CST 2021, time=2021-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-12-15 xuyu
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2059227, encodeId=1b9c205922ead, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=739f94235ce' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#运动量#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94235, encryptionId=739f94235ce, topicName=运动量)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8f5b299, createdName=xuyu, createdTime=Wed Dec 15 21:03:04 CST 2021, time=2021-12-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=973628, encodeId=9d4b9e36281f, content=非常实用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210213/f6efe772e64a4d43a4f84fa895d5563e/03b3c2b9f0cd4e128f02dd2ffc620743.jpg, createdBy=897d1605912, createdName=zhangwangwei, createdTime=Tue Jun 15 05:23:18 CST 2021, time=2021-06-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1414846, encodeId=aa62141484671, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0bef6e76490' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#牛津大学#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67764, encryptionId=0bef6e76490, topicName=牛津大学)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a9de34, createdName=zhangpaul93, createdTime=Tue Feb 16 09:03:04 CST 2021, time=2021-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1610895, encodeId=aa6e16108954b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Tue Feb 16 09:03:04 CST 2021, time=2021-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=924706, encodeId=ca22924e06d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5d66942366c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#运动锻炼#</a>与身体<a href='/topic/show?id=d18a2e6994a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#健康#</a>应该是双曲线型,过大和过小均不好,过度锻炼容易造成运动损伤,对身体同样伤害大。只有适度的锻炼才是最佳的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=177, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94236, encryptionId=5d66942366c, topicName=运动锻炼), TopicDto(id=27699, encryptionId=d18a2e6994a, topicName=健康)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=健康达人, createdTime=Mon Feb 15 11:05:23 CST 2021, time=2021-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=924654, encodeId=c6b092465438, content=科学依据, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210127/50a003c4097845e182c08afd64d8a509/bd766dfebe9c40e0bca2dae964601bdc.jpg, createdBy=22de5454917, createdName=carrotlyl, createdTime=Mon Feb 15 07:51:27 CST 2021, time=2021-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-06-15 zhangwangwei

    非常实用

    0

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    2021-02-15 健康达人

    #运动锻炼#与身体#健康#应该是双曲线型,过大和过小均不好,过度锻炼容易造成运动损伤,对身体同样伤害大。只有适度的锻炼才是最佳的

    0

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    2021-02-15 carrotlyl

    科学依据

    0

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