肠道菌群紊乱诱发脊柱关节炎,你了解多少

2018-07-27 佚名 菌相依健康公众号

肠道菌群作为人体第二基因组,与人类多种疾病的关系提供了重要理论依据。正常肠道菌群不仅可以与肠粘膜紧密集合构成肠道的生物屏障,阻止细菌、病菌和食物等抗原入侵,还可参与人体多种正常的生理代谢过程,对机体免疫和生长发育发挥重要的调节作用。

肠道菌群作为人体第二基因组,与人类多种疾病的关系提供了重要理论依据。正常肠道菌群不仅可以与肠粘膜紧密集合构成肠道的生物屏障,阻止细菌、病菌和食物等抗原入侵,还可参与人体多种正常的生理代谢过程,对机体免疫和生长发育发挥重要的调节作用。

肠道菌群紊乱VS脊柱关节炎

脊柱关节炎(SpA)是一类累及脊柱和外周关节的慢性炎症性风湿病。包括其强直性脊柱炎(AS)、反应性关节炎(ReA)、银屑病关节炎(PsA)、炎性肠病关节炎(IBDA)、幼年脊柱关节炎及未分化脊柱关节炎(USpA)。

Tito等研究也证明了肠道炎症与银屑病关节炎的肠道黏膜菌群显着相关,肠道菌群的移位及黏膜通透性的改变可能导致疾病的发生,同时发现小杆菌属可能是判断SpA疾病活动度潜在的一个微生物学标志。

有研究发现,AS患者回肠末端有5种细菌家族丰度增高(分别是毛螺菌科、普雷沃菌科、理研菌科、紫单胞菌科、类杆菌科),而疣微菌科丰度却是降低的。在AS患者肠道内多种菌群检出率升高,说明肠道菌群的紊乱可能与AS相关。

肺炎克雷伯菌影响AS患者疾病的发生

而另一临床研究显示,约70%的AS患者出现了亚临床肠道炎症,提示肠道菌群的紊乱可能是AS和IBD共同的病因。同时Stebbings等的研究发现,在AS患者粪便中硫酸盐还原菌的含量增高,而此细菌与IBD的发病机制相关。

Ebringer等研究证明,AS患者疾病活动度与其粪便中的肺炎克雷伯菌密切相关。而类似研究中也发现HLA-27阳性的外周滑膜炎患者的发病与其粪便中的肺炎克雷伯菌密切相关。

Scher等用高通量16S核糖体RNA检测PsA、皮肤银屑病患者及健康对照组肠道微生物群落组成发现,PsA患者和皮肤银屑病患者粪便中的粪球菌属物种相对丰度较健康对照组低。

而PsA患者的肠道细菌主要是瘤胃球菌属、假丁酸弧菌属减少,分析其粪便上清后发现sIgA升高,而RANKL降低,这些变化可能与PsA患者特有的炎性蛋白变化相关,但具体作用和相关免疫反应还有待迸一步研究。

肠道菌群紊乱促使免疫炎症发生

早在1996年,Rath等动物实验研究就发现,HLA-B27转基因鼠肠道有六种共生细菌,其中普通拟杆菌可导致其结肠炎和胃炎的发生。此外,另一项研究结果表明,HLA-B27和人β2微球蛋白转基因小鼠粪便中普氏菌属含量增加。

这些结果表明,粪便微生物群变化与HLA-B27相关,而HLA-B27与AS的发病相关,同时是AS的实验室阳性指标之一。因此推测,肠道菌群紊乱在AS发病中也起着重要作用。

近年的一项动物实验发现,无菌处理后的大鼠无法诱导产生与AS相关的肌腱端炎,而其肠道有正常菌群的后代则可以顺利通过脂多糖诱导肌腱端炎症的发生,提示肠道菌群的失调可以改变肠壁通透性,使细菌抗原成分进入体内刺激免疫炎症反应的发生。

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    2018-08-18 清风拂面

    谢谢分享学习

    0

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    2018-07-29 lmm397
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    2018-07-28 Torresans

    研究观点新颖 可以作为借鉴

    0

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