Nat Commun:食管鳞状细胞癌治疗新的见解

2019-04-12 cyl iNature

食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)治疗选择有限,研究表明,具有高BRCA1 / 2特征负荷的肿瘤对胰腺癌和乳腺癌中的铂疗法更敏感,这提出了ESCC中类似的突变模式可能有助于治疗不能手术的患者。此外,基于基因组学数据选择药物已经在个性化和靶向治疗的早期研究中产生了有希望的结果。一些靶向药物已用于ESCC,例如吉非替尼(EGFR抑制剂),Dovitinib(FGFR1抑制剂)和PD-L1阻断剂。然而,只有一小

食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)治疗选择有限,研究表明,具有高BRCA1 / 2特征负荷的肿瘤对胰腺癌和乳腺癌中的铂疗法更敏感,这提出了ESCC中类似的突变模式可能有助于治疗不能手术的患者。此外,基于基因组学数据选择药物已经在个性化和靶向治疗的早期研究中产生了有希望的结果。一些靶向药物已用于ESCC,例如吉非替尼(EGFR抑制剂),Dovitinib(FGFR1抑制剂)和PD-L1阻断剂。然而,只有一小部分患者从这些靶向治疗中获得长期益处,这引发了癌症细胞的肿瘤内异质性(ITH)或肿瘤免疫微环境如肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞和衍生T细胞受体的问题。因此,有必要在决策之前确定新目标并评估目标的空间异质性。

2019年4月11日,深圳北京大学香港科技大学医学中心Qimin Zhan 、 Yongping Cui团队在Nature Communications上发表题为“Multi-region sequencing unveils novel actionabletargets and spatial heterogeneity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma”的文章,揭示了来自同一ESCC患者不同区域的样本中可药物靶标或生物标记物的高水平异质性,突出了多区域测序对于精确治疗的必要性。

研究人员对来自39名患者的185个肿瘤区域(来自原发肿瘤的164个区域和21个转移淋巴结)和39个匹配的正常食管组织(每个患者5个区域)进行了测序,肿瘤的平均测序深度为290×,正常样本的平均测序深度为187×。共检测到11,703个独特的非沉默核苷酸取代和961个插入缺失,每个病例的中位数为189个非沉默取代(范围:67-3028)和14个插入缺失(范围:4-67)。从三个样品中鉴定的突变进一步验证,平均准确度为98%。突变数量在患者中差异很大,特别是对于显示极高突变率的ESCC012。此外,具有较大肿瘤体积的ESCC患者的突变负荷高于具有较小肿瘤的患者。在患者层面,通过多区域测序鉴定的每位患者的突变显着高于单区域分析或来自癌症基因组图谱(TCGA)的突变数据的突变。

为了评估ESCC中的ITH,研究人员将肿瘤进化描述为系统发育树结构,其中树干代表存在于所有肿瘤区域的普遍存在的突变,共享分支代表存在于一些但不是所有肿瘤区域的异质突变,以及私有分支代表仅存在于一个肿瘤区域的突变的分支。值得注意的是,所有39个ESCC都表现出空间ITH,平均63.2%的体细胞变异是异质的。这些结果表明大多数突变发生在癌转化后。发现的异质性水平与患者年龄,活组织检查数量和基因组倍增之间没有相关性。然而,肿瘤分期与普遍存在的突变的比例呈负相关,并且在转移性淋巴结患者中观察到显着更多的异质突变。

食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)在中国癌症相关死亡中排名第四,在该研究中,研究人员对来自39名ESCC患者的多区域肿瘤,正常组织和血液样品进行了全外显子组和T细胞受体(TCR)谱系测序。数据显示在患者水平上有12.8%的ERBB4突变,功能研究支持其致癌作用。此外,BRCA1 / 2的敲低显着增加了对ESCC细胞中的敏感性。 5%的患者携带CD274的局部高水平扩增,导致PD-L1的大量表达,并且可能对免疫检查点阻断更敏感。最后,研究人员发现基因组和TCR谱系肿瘤内异质性(ITH)之间存在紧密的相关性。总的来说,该研究揭示了ESCC中的高水平ITH,确定了几个潜在的可行目标,并可能为ESCC治疗提供新的见解。

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    2019-10-13 liye789132251
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    2019-08-07 liuli5079
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    2019-04-14 zhouqu_8
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    2019-04-12 医者182

    你们要正式

    0

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    2019-04-12 医者182

    梅斯是骗子兑换的书吗????

    0

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近期研究发现食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)中多个长链非编码RNAs(lncRNAs)异常表达,但其作用机制仍不清楚的大多数。本研究旨在确定ESCC相关的lncRNAs并详细阐明其功能和机制。采用芯片分析在ESCC组织中差异表达的lncRNA,并采用qRT-PCR验证芯片结果。体内外研究中探究表达异常增加最甚的lncRNA——CASC9,对细胞的生长、增殖和细胞周期的作用。使用芯片和恢复测试发现CASC

SCI REP:食管鳞状细胞癌患者代谢综合征和体重下降的预后作用

食管癌是常见的消化道恶性肿瘤,主要有两种类型:食管鳞状细胞癌和食管腺癌。其中鳞状细胞癌约占90%。SCI REP近期发表了一篇文章,研究代谢综合征与食管癌患者术后生存之间的关系,评估代谢综合征是否可以预测食管癌患者预后。

JCO:局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌新辅助放化疗联合手术与单纯手术治疗效果比较

新辅助放化疗联合手术治疗局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌的疗效尚存在争议。JCO近期发表了一篇文章,报告了比较局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌患者接受新辅助放化疗联合手术或单纯手术治疗的生存情况及安全性。

Brit J Cancer:坚果摄入和食管鳞状细胞癌风险

由此可见,该研究发现,在这些高风险人群中,坚果总消耗量与ESCC风险之间存在统计学显著的负相关性。

Cell Death Dis:lnc-ATB可预测食管鳞状细胞癌患者的预后

食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)是癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一,特别是在中国。此外,晚期患者的预后极差。然而,长链非编码RNA lnc-ATB的生物学意义及其在ESCC中的潜在作用仍有待探究。在本研究中,研究人员探究了lnc-ATB在ESCC的作用及其促进自身致癌活性的潜在机制。 结果显示,ESCC组织和细胞系中lnc-ATB的表达水平高于正常对照组。lnc-ATB表达上调可作为ESCC患者的独立预后指标