JAMA:如何确定血流动力学不稳定的病人是否能进行静脉输液?

2016-10-03 MedSci MedSci原创

液体超负荷的发生作为一个过于激进的液体复苏后果,可能会影响血流动力学不稳定的危重患者的预后。因此,在最初的液体复苏后,重要的是要确定哪些患者将受益于进一步的液体管理。

液体超负荷的发生作为一个过于激进的液体复苏后果,可能会影响血流动力学不稳定的危重患者的预后。因此,在最初的液体复苏后,重要的是要确定哪些患者将受益于进一步的液体管理。

目的:为了确定器官灌注不足的血流动力学不稳定的患者的液体反应的预测因子。

研究设置:研究人员检索了1966年到2016年6月间的MEDLINE和EMBASE数据库的参考文献、综述以及研究,评估试验的诊断准确率的物理教材检查研究预测血流动力学不稳定的成年患者的液体反应,血流动力学不稳定被定义为顽固性低血压,或器官灌注不足,或两者兼有。流体反应被定义为在静脉注射后的心脏输出量增加。两名作者独立提取数据(灵敏度、特异性和似然比[LRs]),同时评估方法学质量。二元混合效应回归模型被用于分析敏感性,特异性,和LRs。

结果:共分析了50个研究(n =  2260例)。在所有的研究中,指标的测定先于液体反应的评估。液体反应的平均患病率为50%(95%可信区间,42% - 56%)。物理检查结果并不能预测液体反应的LRs和95%CIs。低中心静脉压(CVP)(平均阈值小于8mm Hg)与液体反应存在相关性(阳性LR,2.6 [ 95% CI,1.4-4.6 ];总特异性,76%),但一个大于阈值CVP使液体反应不太可能(阴性LR,0.50 [ 95% CI,0.39-0.65 ];总敏感性,62%)。超声测量的下腔静脉直径随呼吸变化(扩张指数>15%)预测一个无自主呼吸的患者亚组的液体反应(阳性LR,5.3 [ 95% CI,1.1-27 ];总特异性,85%)。小静脉扩张的患者不太可能出现液体反应(负LR,0.27 [ 95% CI,0.08-0.87 ];总敏感性,77%)。心输出量增加及被动抬腿试验的相关参数预测液体反应(阳性LR,11 [ 95% CI,7.6-17 ];总特异性,92%)。相反,没有心输出量增加的被动抬腿试验确定患者不太可能出现液体反应(负LR,0.13 [ 95% CI,0.07-0.22 ];汇总敏感度,88%)。

结论与相关性:被动抬腿试验后测量心输出量及相关参数的血流动力学不稳定的成人预测其液体反应的最有用的测试。腔静脉的呼吸变化的实用性需要验证性研究。

原始出处:

Bentzer P, Griesdale DE,et al.Will This Hemodynamically Unstable Patient Respond to a Bolus of Intravenous Fluids?JAMA. 2016 Sep 27;316(12):1298-309. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.12310.

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    2016-10-05 fusion
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