Nat Genet:15个能够引发抑郁的遗传变异

2016-08-05 佚名 生物谷

(图片摘自www.sciencealert.com)抑郁症(major depression disorder)是世界上最严重的精神疾病,而且有致命的危险。然而,几十年来科学家们对造成抑郁症的遗传原因知之甚少。 最近一项发表在《nature genetics》杂志上的一篇文章中, 研究者们通过对23 and me 公司提供的几千名志愿者的信息数据进行分析,发现与抑郁症有关的17个遗传标记(SNP

(图片摘自www.sciencealert.com)

抑郁症(major depression disorder)是世界上最严重的精神疾病,而且有致命的危险。然而,几十年来科学家们对造成抑郁症的遗传原因知之甚少。

最近一项发表在《nature genetics》杂志上的一篇文章中, 研究者们通过对23 and me 公司提供的几千名志愿者的信息数据进行分析,发现与抑郁症有关的17个遗传标记(SNP)。

其实,科学家们在这一领域已经进行了长期的探索。2013年发表在《Lancet》以及2015年发表在《nature》杂志上的两篇文章都得出了很多令人满意的结果,但仍旧没有找到精确控制抑郁症状的遗传位点。

至少现在还未完成

 “我们研究组已经在这一研究方向进行了十多年的研究,然而还没有成功。可以想象,我们对阳性的结果是多么的渴望”。来自麻省总医院的心理遗传科副主任,哈佛大学心理学教授Roy Perlis说道。

整个研究的希望是为了找到DNA中能够预测抑郁症状的微型区域,同时,希望能够通过改变这一区域的核酸组成达到治疗抑郁症的目的。

 “但目前看来我们的工作仅仅是一个开端。理解这些核酸差异对于抑郁症的影响是接下来的关键”。

利用23 and me公司提供的数据揭开抑郁症的遗传控制之谜

23 and me是一家私人的基因组公司,能够提供199美元的基因测序服务。最近这家公司与FDA等监管机构吵得沸沸扬扬,主要争议点是他们似乎提供了“未授权”的医疗服务。

不过,这家公司的另一项研究就没有这么具有话题性了。

23 and me公司的CEO Anne Wojcicki认为,他们的研究是为了让每个人能够接触、理解基因组信息,并从中获益。到目前为止,他们已经为一百万人提供了该项服务,而患者们也渐渐开始重视遗传信息对疾病治疗的影响。这项研究就是其中一个典型的例子。

心理疾病涉及到遗传、环境以及行为等多个因素的影响,想要得到较为肯定的结论需要大量样本的支撑。过去这种大样本的试验是难以进行的,仅仅筛选与面试采访等环节就耗费了研究者们大量的精力,而目前的这项研究由于有23andme公司的前期铺垫,显得相对顺利。

结果喜人

通过对75600名被诊断患有抑郁症的患者以及231700名健康人的基因组进行分析,Perlis等人鉴定出15个与MDD有关的遗传位点。

此外,他们还发现这些区域中有与精神分裂症有关的遗传因子。

当然,这些数据仍然存在局限性。由于是否患有抑郁症的判断是根据受试者本人的意见得出的,因此只有那些被医生诊断患有抑郁症的样本被考虑进来。也就是说,那些本来患有抑郁症,但没有被确诊的患者的信息没有加入分析的样本中。另一方面,也存在被误诊患有抑郁症的情况存在。

尽管如此,这项研究仍然表明像阿兹海默症等脑部疾病,其与其它机体部位的疾病一样,并没有什么本质上差异。

“抑郁症是一类大脑疾病,人们有必要了解这一点以及其背后的生物学原理。它并不是什么错,仅仅是病而已”。

原始出处

Scientists have found 15 genetic variations that could be linked to depression

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    2017-05-07 仁心济世
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    2017-05-12 cy0324
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    2016-12-27 canlab
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