糖尿病患者的心血管疾病风险,是否存在性别差异?

2019-08-08 医咖会 医咖会

曾有Meta分析显示,患糖尿病后,女性致死性冠心病、卒中或其他动脉粥样硬化性疾病死亡的风险要高于男性。近期,著名期刊《Circulation》发表了一项研究,聚焦2型糖尿病患者心血管事件发生风险以及危险因素管理方面是否存在性别差异,一起来看下这项研究有何重要发现。这项回顾性队列研究,使用了英国人住院和死亡记录数据,确定了2006年-2013年期间79985名新发2型糖尿病患者(44.3%为女性),

曾有Meta分析显示,患糖尿病后,女性致死性冠心病、卒中或其他动脉粥样硬化性疾病死亡的风险要高于男性。近期,著名期刊《Circulation》发表了一项研究,聚焦2型糖尿病患者心血管事件发生风险以及危险因素管理方面是否存在性别差异,一起来看下这项研究有何重要发现。

这项回顾性队列研究,使用了英国人住院和死亡记录数据,确定了2006年-2013年期间79985名新发2型糖尿病患者(44.3%为女性),同时匹配了386547名非糖尿病患者(44.8%为女性)。

研究主要终点是诊断糖尿病后,首次出现以下主要心血管疾病不良事件(MACE):心肌梗死,卒中和心血管死亡。研究使用了性别分层的Cox回归模型来评估心血管风险。

主要研究结果

随访期间,9806名糖尿病患者出现了MACE(整体有12.3%;女性中有11.6%;男性中有12.8%),30226名无糖尿病患者发生了MACE(整体有7.8%;女性中有7.4%;男性中有8.1%)

糖尿病患者的心血管事件发生风险

糖尿病与MACE的发生风险存在相关性。结果发现,与没有2型糖尿病的女性相比,2型糖尿病女性的心血管事件风险明显增加(HR=1.20;95%CI 1.12-1.28);与没有2型糖尿病的男性相比,2型糖尿病男性的心血管事件风险也明显增加(HR=1.12;95%CI 1.06-1.19)。

相比糖尿病男性,糖尿病女性的心血管事件相对风险并未显着增加(相对危险度 1.07;95%CI 0.98-1.17)。

糖尿病发病年龄与MACE发生风险呈负相关关系,风险最高的是那些在50岁以前就诊断为糖尿病的患者(女性:HR=2.83,95%CI 1.86-4.30;男性:HR=2.18,95%CI 1.73-2.74)。

糖尿病患者的危险因素管理

研究评估了队列中糖尿病患者在危险因素管理方面的性别差异。以血脂情况为例,对于还没有心血管事件的糖尿病患者,女性中高胆固醇血症的比例要高于男性,降脂药物的处方比例低于男性。随访期间有过心血管事件的糖尿病患者,也存在同样的性别差异,详见下表(注:原文中未对本部分的数据做统计学分析)。

表.  糖尿病男性患者和女性患者血脂危险因素管理的情况

研究结论

与2型糖尿病男性患者相比,2型糖尿病女性患者的心血管疾病相对风险并未显着增加。在危险因素管理中药物处方上的性别差异,值得进一步关注和研究。

参考文献:Circulation. 2019 Jun 11;139(24):2742-2753.

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    2019-08-08 misszhang

    谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯

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    2019-08-08 1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称)

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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