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小剂量阿克拉霉素治疗骨髓增生异常综合征2例

2021-11-20 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)中RAEB及 RAEB-T易向急性白血病转化,治疗上比较困难,我们用小剂量阿克拉霉素(ACR)治疗3例,效果满意,报告如下。

骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)中RAEB及 RAEB-T易向急性白血病转化,治疗上比较困难,我们用小剂量阿克拉霉素(ACR)治疗3例,效果满意,报告如下。


例1,女,50岁,因头晕、乏力、反复牙龈出血4月余于1992年5月21日人院。中度贫血貌,双下肢膝关节处皮肤可见3个铜钱大小的瘀斑,浅表淋巴结不大,胸骨无压痛,心、肺正常。肝于右肋下1cm,质软,无压痛。脾未触及。血常规: Hb55g/L,RBC2.2x102/L,WBC24.0x10/L,分类:原粒细胞017,N05,L0.27,M004E0.02, pc60.0x 10/L。骨髓细胞学检查:粒系增生,原粒细胞0.06,早幼粒细胞01,核浆发育不平衡,巨幼样改变,部分分叶核细胞核分叶过多;巨核系见少数小巨核细胞并见巨大血小板。诊断:MDS-RAEB-T。用小剂量 Ara-C每天30mg,共21d,肌注,以及 Ara-c每天30mg,共14d肌注,加维甲酸每天80mg,共14d,各1个疗程。9月9日复查血常规:WBC38.0x10/L,原粒细胞0.18。骨髓检查:原粒细胞0.08,早幼粒细胞0.045,即给予小剂量阿克拉霉素每天20mg,共7d,静滴1个疗程,9月25日复查血常规:Hb升至80g/L,原粒细胞降为0.04。骨髓检查:原粒细胞0.005,早幼粒细胞0.025。


例2,男,53岁。因头晕、乏力、面色苍白7月余于1992年7月16日入院。轻度贫血貌,浅表淋巴结不大,胸骨无压痛,心、肺正常。肝肋下2.5cm,边钝,无压痛。脾肋下未触及。血常规:Hb60g/L,RBC2.5x1012/L,WBC10x10/L,分类:N020L052,M012,E016,pc35x10/L。骨髓细胞学检查:粒系增生,原粒细胞0.025,早幼粒细胞008,部分细胞核浆发育不平衡,有巨幼样变红系细胞巨幼样变,多嗜性易见,成熟红细胞大小不一,细胞变形;巨核系可见小巨核细胞,偶见大血小板。诊断:MDS-RAEB。给予小剂量ACR每天20mg静滴共5d,及每天20mg,共7天,各1个疗程,间歇28d后Hb升到80g/L,WBC2.9x10/Lpc50x10/L。骨髓检查:原粒细胞为零,早幼粒细胞004。出院随访至今,病人仍健在。


结论: MDS是一组造血干细胞水平上恶变的克隆性疾病,目前对MDS的RAEB和RAEB-T患者多数主张用小剂量Ara-C诱导分化治疗,但是仍有部分病例用小剂量Ara-C治疗效果欠佳,本文例1患者曾用2个疗程的小剂量Ara-C治疗,均未见效。用小剂量ACR治疗后,患者血像中Hb上升,骨髓内原粒细胞减少。ACR用于MDS的RAEB及RAEB-T患者的诱导分化治疗,特别是对小剂量 Ara-C治疗无效的病人ACR治疗仍然有效。

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    2022-04-04 pyaili
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    2022-01-28 fengyqf
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    2021-11-23 zhouqu_8

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