子痫前期严重威胁母婴健康,sFlt-1/PlGF比值可防范妊娠风险!

2021-06-06 检验医学网 检验医学网

中国第七次人口普查数据显示,我国“二孩”生育率明显提升,高龄产妇、妊娠合并症以及并发症的高危人群随之增长。作为妊娠常见的并发症之一,子痫前期是妊娠期特有的全身性多系统综合征,严重威胁母婴健康。

中国第七次人口普查数据显示,我国“二孩”生育率明显提升,高龄产妇、妊娠合并症以及并发症的高危人群随之增长。作为妊娠常见的并发症之一,子痫前期是妊娠期特有的全身性多系统综合征,严重威胁母婴健康。近日,“预知子痫,健康母婴——金域医学子痫前期媒体发布会”线上举行。会上,金域医学宣布将正式开展子痫前期检测项目,有效助力子痫前期的早期风险评估及全程管理,更好守护母婴健康。

及早检测子痫前期,有效防范妊娠风险

子痫前期以高血压和蛋白尿为主要临床表现,患病率为2%-8%,占孕产妇死亡原因的10%-15%,子痫前期也是导致早产、新生儿患病或死亡的主要原因之一。尽早预测、准确识别发病风险对于优化子痫前期管理,有效降低疾病发病率与死亡率至关重要。

首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院高红教授表示:“目前,临床诊断子痫前期主要依据孕妇血压和尿蛋白两项指标,但在临床筛查上存在一定局限性,有可能在预测不足的情况下导致延误诊治或过度诊治,临床亟需更加高效、准确的预测指标。”

重庆医科大学附属第一医院漆洪波教授指出:“近年来多项研究发现,在发生子痫前期的孕妇中,孕早期的胎盘生长因子(PlGF)浓度明显低于正常妊娠的孕妇,因此,在孕早期联合检测PlGF水平变化,可以在症状出现前有效预测子痫前期的发生,指导临床及时干预,从而有效降低孕产妇的发病可能性。《妊娠期高血压疾病诊治指南(2020)》中也明确指出检测PlGF水平对子痫前期的预测起到一定作用。”

对于中晚期孕产妇的子痫前期预测,佛山市禅城区中心医院张映辉教授介绍了联合检测血管内皮生长因子受体1(sFlt-1)与PlGF两种蛋白的比值的临床应用价值:“sFlt-1和PlGF是与胎盘功能密切相关的生物标志物,二者浓度的改变明显早于子痫前期发病,通过二者比值的检测能够早期预测子痫前期发病风险,帮助中晚期孕妇进行健康管理,降低不良结局的发生。近年来,已有多项研究证实了联合检测sFlt-1/PlGF比值对子痫前期具有良好的预测价值和诊断指导意义。”

由亚洲地区25家医院联合开展的PROGNOSIS Asia研究显示,sFlt-1/PlGF比值≤38排除1周内发生子痫前期和胎儿不良结局的阴性预测值分别达到98.6%和98.9%;比值>38预测4周内发生子痫前期和胎儿不良结局的阳性预测值分别为30.3%和53.5%,验证了sFlt-1/PlGF比值在亚洲人群中良好的预测性效果。

据悉,对子痫前期进行检测还可以有效指导临床用药。根据《新英格兰医学杂志》于2017年发表的ASPRE研究,对妊娠早期子痫前期高危女性使用阿司匹林150mg/天,从 11-14周持续至36周,能够显着降低妊娠中晚期子痫前期的发生率,可降低62%的早产子痫前期和82%的34周之前的早发型子痫前期的发生[4]。

“已有多项研究显示,妊娠早期子痫前期高危女性服用小剂量的阿司匹林,能够预防子痫前期发生。在我国新发布的《妊娠期高血压疾病诊治指南(2020)》中同样建议对于有子痫前期高危因素患者在孕早期结束后,即12-16周持续至28周,服用阿司匹林50-100mg/天,以预防子痫前期的发生。”深圳市妇幼保健院牛建民教授表示,“需强调的一点是,阿司匹林作为子痫前期的预防性治疗用药并非适用于所有孕产妇,这一治疗手段仅对子痫前期高危孕妇有效。因此通过子痫前期检测识别高危孕妇,能够有效辅助临床更有针对性地进行预防性阿司匹林治疗。”

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    2021-11-04 zutt
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    2021-06-23 Lee4204

    0

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    2021-06-08 yahu
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    2021-06-08 zhouqu_8

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