英美专家发现:嗅觉丧失是新型冠状病毒感染的重要症状之一

2020-03-25 佚名 澎湃新闻

近日,英美两国耳鼻喉专业组织相继发布声明称,嗅觉丧失是新型冠状病毒感染的重要症状之一,应考虑对这些患者进行“自我隔离和检测”。

近日,英美两国耳鼻喉专业组织相继发布声明称,嗅觉丧失是新型冠状病毒感染的重要症状之一,应考虑对这些患者进行“自我隔离和检测”。美国美国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学会(AAO-HNS)还建议将嗅觉丧失和味觉障碍纳入新冠病毒的筛查清单。

3月21日,英国鼻科学会(British Rhinological Society)主席霍普金斯(Claire Hopkins)与英国耳鼻喉科协会(ENT UK)主席库玛(Nirmal Kumar)在ENT UK官网上发布联合声明称,有新的证据表明嗅觉丧失是新冠肺炎感染的症状之一。

“在韩国、中国和意大利,有充足的证据表明大量已确诊的新冠病毒感染者出现嗅觉缺失(anosmia)和嗅觉减退(hyposmia)的症状。”声明介绍,德国超过三分之二的确诊病例出现嗅觉缺失。在新冠病毒检测更为普遍的韩国,30%的阳性患者以嗅觉缺失为主要症状(均为轻度病例)。

“此外,越来越多的报告显示,在没有其他症状的情况下出现嗅觉缺失的患者数量显着增加。”例如,伊朗的孤立性嗅觉缺失病例突然增加,美国、法国和意大利北部的许多医生也有同样的发现。

声明认为,嗅觉缺失的病人可能是一些迄今为止隐藏的新冠病毒载体,造成了新冠病毒的快速传播。声明呼吁,出现嗅觉缺失的成年人自我隔离七天,医护人员在治疗失去嗅觉的患者时应使用全套防护用品。

霍普金斯和库玛在声明中表示,目前正在向英国公共卫生部门通报上述有关嗅觉缺失的情况。据《纽约时报》报道,霍普金斯在一封电子邮件中写道:“我们真的希望提高人们的认识,这是感染的征兆,任何人如果失去嗅觉,都应该自我隔离。”“这可能有助于减缓传播速度,挽救生命。”

鲁迪·戈贝尔推特截图

事实上,除了嗅觉缺失症状外,味觉障碍也可能与新冠病毒感染相关。3月23日,确诊感染新冠病毒的NBA犹他爵士队中锋鲁迪·戈贝尔在个人推特上透露,自己感染新冠病毒后出现了嗅觉和味觉丧失的症状。“嗅觉和味觉的丧失绝对是症状之一,最近4天时间我已经没有闻到任何气味,有人遇到同样的情况吗?”

戈贝尔的经历并非个例。在英国耳鼻喉科专家发布上述声明后,美国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学会3月22日在网站上发布相关信息,提及味觉障碍亦与新冠病毒感染相关。

该学会表示,“世界各地迅速积累的证据表明,嗅觉缺失(anosmia)和味觉障碍(dysgeusia)是与新冠肺炎疫情相关的重要症状。”尤其是在没有其他症状的情况下,医生在最终检测出冠状病毒阳性的患者身上发现了嗅觉缺失。

学会建议,“将这些症状添加到新冠病毒感染的筛查清单当中。”在遇到无过敏性鼻炎、急性鼻窦炎或慢性鼻窦炎等其他呼吸系统疾病时的嗅觉缺失、嗅觉减退和嗅觉障碍患者时,“医生应注意患者感染新冠病毒的可能性,并认真考虑对这些患者进行自我隔离和检测”。

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    2020-03-26 njwbhuang

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