J Virol:复旦大学基础与临床科研人员合力揭开患者血清中乙肝病毒RNA神秘的面纱

2018-10-16 ipsvirus 病毒学界

近日,由复旦大学上海医学院医学分子病毒学重点实验室袁正宏课题组与复旦大学附属公共卫生临床中心(以下简称“公卫中心”)科学研究部慢性乙型肝炎研究组、肝炎科、华山医院传染病研究所通力合作揭开了乙肝病毒(HBV)RNA分子在患者血清中的神秘面纱。

近日,由复旦大学上海医学院医学分子病毒学重点实验室袁正宏课题组与复旦大学附属公共卫生临床中心(以下简称“公卫中心”)科学研究部慢性乙型肝炎研究组、肝炎科、华山医院传染病研究所通力合作揭开了乙肝病毒(HBV)RNA分子在患者血清中的神秘面纱。相关研究成果以“Extracellular HBV RNAs are heterogeneous in length and circulate ascapsid-antibody-complexes in addition to virions in chronic hepatitis Bpatients”为题发表在国际病毒期刊《Journal of Virology》杂志上。

乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)是一种严重影响人类健康的病原体,也是引发慢性乙型肝炎(慢乙肝)的元凶。根据国际卫生组织2015年最新估计,全球约有2.4亿慢乙肝患者,大多分布在低收入及中等收入国家,每年约有65万患者死于慢乙肝感染所致的肝衰竭、肝硬化和肝细胞癌。在我国,现有9300万慢乙肝感染者,在肝硬化和肝细胞癌患者中,由乙肝病毒引发的比例分别高达60%和80%。随着我国乙肝疫苗接种的推行,我国婴幼儿的乙肝阳性率有了大幅度的降低。然而,对于其他已经感染病毒者,仍缺乏彻底治愈的疗法,从而给大量家庭带来了沉重的经济负担和健康威胁。


全球HBV感染情况

大量临床与基础研究表明,慢乙肝长期迁延不愈的根本原因在于乙肝病毒共价闭合环状DNA (cccDNA)在肝内的长期存在以及随之造成的慢性活动性肝炎。由于cccDNA仅在患者肝脏中存在,为快速简易地检测其水平,临床亟需外周血替代标志物用于评估患者长期治疗效果。长期以来,学术界公认HBV是一种不完整环状双链DNA病毒, RNA只是作为病毒复制过程中的前体(前基因组RNA, pgRNA)或者作为编码病毒蛋白的信使RNA(mRNA)存在于感染细胞内,在患者血清中只存在HBV DNA。在寻找合适的替代标志物过程中,1996年Koch等人意外发现血清中存在HBV RNA。随后数年中,这一现象逐渐被越来越多的同行所确认,并发现在核苷类似物治疗过程中,其水平的下降较HBV DNA更为平缓,由此一些学者提出HBV RNA可以作为抗病毒药物治疗长期疗效的预测标志物。 由于HBV RNA为cccDNA的转录产物,且对抗病毒药物的敏感性明显低于HBV DNA,不少学者提出可以将它作为肝内cccDNA的替代标志物,因而受到日益关注。


HBV复制周期

虽然血清HBV RNA越来越受到关注,但HBV RNA在血清中以何种形式存在仍有很多不明确之处。分析文献报道,目前主要有以下几种观点: 1. HBV RNA 以前基因组RNA (pgRNA)包装于病毒颗粒的形式存在; 2. 由pgRNA以及各种剪切RNA (splicedRNA)形式包装于病毒颗粒中;3.HBV RNA可能被宿主外泌体(exosome)等囊泡状结构非特异包裹释放。

为了从分子水平明确血清HBV RNA的存在形式,在袁正宏研究员带领下,公卫中心科学研究部张小楠副研究员与复旦大学基础医学院白露博士联合临床科研工作者对HBV RNA开展了系统性的研究。首先在HBV复制细胞系(HepAD38)中,通过蔗糖密度梯度离心、氯化铯密度梯度离心等经典方法分离上清中各种病毒颗粒,并对其中的核酸类型和形式做了仔细的考察。结果发现,在细胞上清中,HBV RNA主要存在于裸衣壳(naked capsids)中(占比>85%), 而病毒颗粒中只占少数(<15%)。不仅如此,通过对HBV RNA的Northern blot检测,发现绝大多数HBV RNA短于前基因组RNA (pgRNA),且长度不一。在裸衣壳中HBV RNA的大量存在与未成熟的HBV DNA密切相关,提示HBV RNA可能主要由病毒DNA合成未完成、正链RNA未被完全水解所造成。

攻关小组进一步将研究重点转移到病人血清中HBVRNA分析。与细胞上清结果类似,血清中HBV RNA长度不一,均短于pgRNA。但令人意外的是,氯化铯密度梯度离心未能将不同类型病毒颗粒有效分离,而是呈现广泛的密度分布。依据细胞水平的考察结果,研究团队大胆假设,在病人血清中也有可能存在类似裸衣壳的亚病毒颗粒,但由于病人血清中存在高滴度的核心抗体(HBcAb),因此推测这类颗粒可能以衣壳-抗体复合物(Capsid-Antibody-Complexes, CACs)形式存在,从而表现为浮力密度(buoyant density)的高度异质性。后续通过采用包括免疫沉淀、非变性琼脂糖电泳、电子显微镜等一系列实验技术,研究团队证实血清中存在抗体所包裹的亚病毒颗粒,且为HBV RNA的主要载体。


游离HBV RNA的分子形式和它的主要载体衣壳-抗体复合物(CACs)的形成模式

这项研究系统性分析了游离HBV RNA的分子形式,澄清了在这个领域存在的一些概念混淆,在国际上首次提出了衣壳-抗体复合物(Capsid-Antibody-Complexes, CACs)存在且为血清HBV RNA的主要载体,建议将其纳入到经典的HBV复制理论中。这项研究的相关成果将对学术界和临床工作人员更好运用HBV RNA这一指标,更准确解读HBV RNA水平在抗病毒治疗过程中的意义,提供重要的理论依据。

该研究得到十三五传染病防治重大专项,国家重点研发计划,国家自然科学基金的资助。此次发表的研究论文,白露为第一作者,袁正宏、张小楠为共同通讯作者。渥太华大学访问学者Maya Kozlowski教授,华山医院传染病研究所黄玉仙、张继明主任,公卫中心肝炎科陈良主任等也为该研究作出了重要贡献。

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    2018-10-17 saikp
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1746066, encodeId=e86c1e46066fe, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6ce1e50024b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#科研人员#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=75002, encryptionId=6ce1e50024b, topicName=科研人员)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=064535650230, createdName=zhangj7120, createdTime=Sat Jun 29 06:23:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2077385, encodeId=900420e73852b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cb141845040' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Virol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=18450, encryptionId=cb141845040, topicName=Virol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/FGFAawy0kQNXbuvUuLtUVrx5aKhOIkwqJwyxu0QlpLFIDSb1Ht19ptXvYBjuAoNBubibnNF3iazdpico7gJlbBVQg/132, createdBy=edaf2500125, createdName=ms3892185887221420, createdTime=Sun Aug 11 11:23:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1538543, encodeId=c7c71538543cd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=751e42660f1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#复旦#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42660, encryptionId=751e42660f1, topicName=复旦)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e6c312994908, createdName=saikp, createdTime=Wed Oct 17 23:23:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=349513, encodeId=054934951317, content=学习了谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLbTp9nZtjwVrSZNxAXbAicnKQWnic2eBdJUQYhxO36XdkstSicr7FVF8p5ReH4omtmsbnLdvZLiaJJ1A/132, createdBy=8bff2327056, createdName=kafei, createdTime=Tue Oct 16 10:44:15 CST 2018, time=2018-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=349507, encodeId=91a734950e7a, content=学习谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4Nd44v3xHnnictn9UpctwtH62EPQ59TMdI9lnqHMgQ16nH7GmGCfpzicsHgjibYVk6vwSpXrC86gMibRkoaIzf5HwSz7/0, createdBy=78cc1691107, createdName=龙胆草, createdTime=Tue Oct 16 09:13:31 CST 2018, time=2018-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=349503, encodeId=f4ef349503c2, content=学习了,谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/nmoH3FVKe8KYYzm5OrpnZastaKg0jKDyvlVBp8RUZUBgynaVPQ86l6DbaqohIM3eIsowIy6V53q5n5mYuyzD6w/132, createdBy=aac72353870, createdName=122b87b4m49(暂无昵称), createdTime=Tue Oct 16 08:40:25 CST 2018, time=2018-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-10-16 kafei

    学习了谢谢

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1746066, encodeId=e86c1e46066fe, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6ce1e50024b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#科研人员#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=75002, encryptionId=6ce1e50024b, topicName=科研人员)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=064535650230, createdName=zhangj7120, createdTime=Sat Jun 29 06:23:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2077385, encodeId=900420e73852b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cb141845040' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Virol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=18450, encryptionId=cb141845040, topicName=Virol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/FGFAawy0kQNXbuvUuLtUVrx5aKhOIkwqJwyxu0QlpLFIDSb1Ht19ptXvYBjuAoNBubibnNF3iazdpico7gJlbBVQg/132, createdBy=edaf2500125, createdName=ms3892185887221420, createdTime=Sun Aug 11 11:23:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1538543, encodeId=c7c71538543cd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=751e42660f1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#复旦#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42660, encryptionId=751e42660f1, topicName=复旦)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e6c312994908, createdName=saikp, createdTime=Wed Oct 17 23:23:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=349513, encodeId=054934951317, content=学习了谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLbTp9nZtjwVrSZNxAXbAicnKQWnic2eBdJUQYhxO36XdkstSicr7FVF8p5ReH4omtmsbnLdvZLiaJJ1A/132, createdBy=8bff2327056, createdName=kafei, createdTime=Tue Oct 16 10:44:15 CST 2018, time=2018-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=349507, encodeId=91a734950e7a, content=学习谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4Nd44v3xHnnictn9UpctwtH62EPQ59TMdI9lnqHMgQ16nH7GmGCfpzicsHgjibYVk6vwSpXrC86gMibRkoaIzf5HwSz7/0, createdBy=78cc1691107, createdName=龙胆草, createdTime=Tue Oct 16 09:13:31 CST 2018, time=2018-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=349503, encodeId=f4ef349503c2, content=学习了,谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/nmoH3FVKe8KYYzm5OrpnZastaKg0jKDyvlVBp8RUZUBgynaVPQ86l6DbaqohIM3eIsowIy6V53q5n5mYuyzD6w/132, createdBy=aac72353870, createdName=122b87b4m49(暂无昵称), createdTime=Tue Oct 16 08:40:25 CST 2018, time=2018-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-10-16 龙胆草

    学习谢谢分享

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1746066, encodeId=e86c1e46066fe, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6ce1e50024b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#科研人员#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=75002, encryptionId=6ce1e50024b, topicName=科研人员)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=064535650230, createdName=zhangj7120, createdTime=Sat Jun 29 06:23:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2077385, encodeId=900420e73852b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cb141845040' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Virol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=18450, encryptionId=cb141845040, topicName=Virol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/FGFAawy0kQNXbuvUuLtUVrx5aKhOIkwqJwyxu0QlpLFIDSb1Ht19ptXvYBjuAoNBubibnNF3iazdpico7gJlbBVQg/132, createdBy=edaf2500125, createdName=ms3892185887221420, createdTime=Sun Aug 11 11:23:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1538543, encodeId=c7c71538543cd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=751e42660f1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#复旦#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42660, encryptionId=751e42660f1, topicName=复旦)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e6c312994908, createdName=saikp, createdTime=Wed Oct 17 23:23:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=349513, encodeId=054934951317, content=学习了谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLbTp9nZtjwVrSZNxAXbAicnKQWnic2eBdJUQYhxO36XdkstSicr7FVF8p5ReH4omtmsbnLdvZLiaJJ1A/132, createdBy=8bff2327056, createdName=kafei, createdTime=Tue Oct 16 10:44:15 CST 2018, time=2018-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=349507, encodeId=91a734950e7a, content=学习谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4Nd44v3xHnnictn9UpctwtH62EPQ59TMdI9lnqHMgQ16nH7GmGCfpzicsHgjibYVk6vwSpXrC86gMibRkoaIzf5HwSz7/0, createdBy=78cc1691107, createdName=龙胆草, createdTime=Tue Oct 16 09:13:31 CST 2018, time=2018-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=349503, encodeId=f4ef349503c2, content=学习了,谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/nmoH3FVKe8KYYzm5OrpnZastaKg0jKDyvlVBp8RUZUBgynaVPQ86l6DbaqohIM3eIsowIy6V53q5n5mYuyzD6w/132, createdBy=aac72353870, createdName=122b87b4m49(暂无昵称), createdTime=Tue Oct 16 08:40:25 CST 2018, time=2018-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-10-16 122b87b4m49(暂无昵称)

    学习了,谢谢

    0

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