Ann Hematol:血液系统恶性肿瘤患者的低细胞膜通透性介导口服来那度胺的低脑脊液与血浆比率

2022-07-05 网络 网络

来那度胺在人血浆中的临床相关药代动力学分析导致其对恶性血液病患者脑脊液的渗透率很低,很可能由于体外检测显示其低细胞屏障通透性。来那度胺可以通过激活的T细胞在患者的全身暴露中发挥其良好的免疫调节作用

筛选致畸性/毒性较低的免疫调节药物是开发新型抗癌药物的战略途径。来那度胺是沙利度胺的合成类似物,通过去除一个酮基(加上一个氨基)形成,具有抗肿瘤活性,有利于血液系统恶性肿瘤的治疗。但根据既往报道,在动物模型中,来那度胺在大脑中的分布与沙利度胺相比更低。

尽管如此,但在脑脊液肿瘤中已观察到来那度胺的临床反应。在此背景下,在本研究中,一研究团队评估了3例恶性血液病患者的血浆和脑脊液中来那度胺的浓度,以研究来那度胺从血浆到脑脊液的渗透性。

表:口服来那度胺(20mg)或波马度胺(4mg)1.5小时后测定患者血浆和来那度胺或来马度胺的波利度胺浓度

尽管来那度胺的体外胃肠道通透性较低,但在三名日本患者口服 20 mg 来那度胺后 1.5 小时,使用液相色谱/质谱法在血浆中检测到来那度胺。临床观察到的来那度胺的脑脊液/血浆比率较低(1.3-2.4%)。

图1:在大鼠肠细胞(A)和Caco-2模型系统中,沙利度胺、波马度胺和来那度胺注射PAPA到B和PBA的实验观察值(B,C)。卡黄和荧光黄分别作为正渗透性和负渗透性对照。数据是三次重复测定的平均±标准差

观察到来那度胺在猴血脑屏障模型和人胎盘细胞系统中的流入渗透率值比沙利度胺和另一种第二代药物泊马度胺以及正渗透性控制咖啡因低一个数量级。

图2:在人胎盘细胞(A)和猴血脑屏障模型系统(B).中,沙利度胺、波马利度胺和来那度胺注射PaPA到B和efuxPaPPB到A的实验观察值卡黄和荧光黄分别作为正渗透性和负渗透性对照。数据是三次重复测定的平均±标准差

图3:当前患者血浆中来那度胺或来那度胺与波马利度胺浓度的关系。在从3例患者中提取的4个分析样本中,脑脊液中来那度胺(圆圈)的浓度与其血浆浓度相差0.012倍(表2)。图和条形图代表三次重复测定的平均值和标准差

由于来那度胺的低细胞屏障渗透性在体外试验中得到证实,来那度胺的临床相关药代动力学特征导致血液系统恶性肿瘤患者从血浆进入脑脊液的低渗透性。

研究团队认为,来那度胺在人血浆中的临床相关药代动力学分析导致来那度胺对恶性血液病患者脑脊液的渗透率很低,很可能是由于体外检测显示其低细胞屏障通透性。这些结果表明,来那度胺可以通过激活的T细胞在患者的全身暴露中发挥其良好的免疫调节作用。目前血液系统恶性肿瘤患者还需要来那度胺和/或来马度胺治疗的多中心研究,多发性骨髓瘤累及中枢神经系统非常罕见,但希望未来会有合适指南的联合方案进一步改善多发性骨髓瘤患者的预后。

 

原始出处:

Ogiya, D., Murayama, N., Kamiya, Y. et al. Low cerebrospinal fluid-to-plasma ratios of orally administered lenalidomide mediated by its low cell membrane permeability in patients with hematologic malignancies. Ann Hematol (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-022-04893-w

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    2022-07-06 fengyi812
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