JCEM:肾上腺髓质功能低下预示典型先天性肾上腺增生婴儿的急性疾病

2021-10-22 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

患有经典型先天性肾上腺增生(CAH)的青少年表现出肾上腺髓质功能异常,新生儿和婴幼儿肾上腺素水平降低。关于这与出生第一年的发病率之间的关系,我们知之甚少。

背景:患有经典型先天性肾上腺增生(CAH)的青少年表现出肾上腺髓质功能异常,新生儿和婴幼儿肾上腺素水平降低。关于这与出生第一年的发病率之间的关系,我们知之甚少。

目的:研究CAH患儿血浆肾上腺素水平,探讨出生1岁时肾上腺素缺乏的临床意义。

方法:这项前瞻性队列研究包括从儿科三级护理中心招募的参与者:36名因21-羟化酶缺乏而患有经典型CAH的婴儿和27例年龄匹配的先天性甲状腺功能减退症的对照组。主要观察指标包括血浆肾上腺素水平(N=27)、CYP21A2基因型(N=15)和从出生到1岁的急性疾病发生率(N=28)。

结果:CAH婴儿的肾上腺素水平独立预测出生第一年的疾病发生率(β = -0.018, R = -0.45, P = .02),并与诊断时的17-羟孕酮呈负相关(R = -0.51, P = 0.007)。与单纯男性化婴儿相比,盐消耗性CAH婴儿新生儿的肾上腺素水平较低(P =0.02)。新生儿CAH患者的肾上腺素水平低于对照组(P = 0.007),从出生到1岁肾上腺素水平下降(P =0.04)。零基因型与较低的新生儿肾上腺素水平和出生第一年的更多疾病的发生率相关。

图1 21-羟化酶缺乏所致典型先天性肾上腺增生新生儿血浆肾上腺素和17-羟孕酮水平A,诊断时新生儿肾上腺素与17-OHP呈负相关(N = 27, R = -0.51, P =0 .007)。B,新生儿肾上腺素与出生第一年急性疾病数呈负相关(N = 28, R = -0.45, P = 0.02)。此外,新生儿肾上腺素可预测出生后第一年急性疾病的数量(β= -0.018, P =0 .02)。

表1 CYP21A2基因型、新生儿分析物和先天性肾上腺增生婴儿疾病

表2 先天性肾上腺增生患者与对照组发病率的相对风险比

图2 由于21-羟化酶缺乏导致的经典先天性肾上腺增生(CAH)患者在新生儿和1岁时的血浆肾上腺素水平在11例CAH患儿中,血浆肾上腺素从新生儿84.0 pg/mL(范围60.0155.0 pg/mL)纵向下降到1岁:40.0 pg/mL(范围40.0-70.0 pg/mL),P = 0.04。

结论:低肾上腺素水平与CAH婴儿患病风险增加相关。虽然目前不是临床护理标准的一部分,但测量肾上腺素水平和评估基因型可能有助于预测出生第一年的急性疾病。

原文出处:

Weber J,  Tanawattanacharoen VK,  Seagroves A,,et al.Low Adrenomedullary Function Predicts Acute Illness in Infants with Classical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021 Aug 16

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    2021-10-26 仁者大医
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    2022-03-14 achengzhao
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    2021-10-24 huirong