硫化氢气体中毒导致广泛导联ST段抬高2例

2018-05-02 YangYang,DieHu,Daoquan Peng 急诊医学资讯

40y男性,送至当地医院时GCS7分,予气管插管机械通气后GCS升至12分,遂转至我院急诊科

病例一

【一般资料】

40y男性

【现病史】

送至当地医院时GCS7分,予气管插管机械通气后GCS升至12分,遂转至我院急诊科

【体格检查】

查体示脉速,BP104/70mmHg,SpO297%,SIMVFiO240%,无胸痛主诉,ECG示窦性心动过速,

【辅助检查】

大多数胸导联及肢体导联ST段抬高(avR、V1导联除外),肌钙蛋白T0.136ng/ml(正常<0.1),CK-MB74U/ml(正常<20),NT-proBNP1825pg/ml(正常<900)。



病例二

【一般资料】

51岁男性

【主诉】

送至当地医院时GCS10分,予吸氧后GCS升至15分,随即转来我院急诊科。

【辅助检查】

ECG示I,II,III,aVF,V3-V6ST段抬高;肌钙蛋白T0.11ng/ml;CK-MB25U/ml;NT-proBNP985pg/ml。



【初步诊断

这两例患者诊断实则为硫化氢气体中毒

【讨论】

知识在有毒气体中毒的发生中,硫化氢中毒仅次于一氧化碳中毒,主要发生在工作场所,通常是在无防护措施的情况下去解救他人而发生的。硫化氢可抑制线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶,从而造成呼吸麻痹及缺氧相关改变。心肌组织对氧的需求较高,对缺氧尤其敏感。硫化氢中毒后循环系统损害可表现为心绞痛发作、心肌梗死、心律失常、心力衰竭。硫化氢中毒可迅速降低心肌收缩力及心输出量,数分钟之内便可导致心脏骤停。硫化氢中毒时心电图表现可与急性心肌梗死类似。上述两例硫化氢中毒患者化验结果表现类似,但第一例ST段抬高的导联更多,结果引起死亡,第二例经抢救后存活。现场急救硫化氢中毒患者是否生存主要取决于现场营救和院前处理。中毒者应迅速脱离中毒环境,将患者转移至空气新鲜处,卧床休息,通畅气道,吸氧,促进毒气经呼吸道排出。严重中毒者常有呼吸停止,应坚持做人工呼吸,不可轻易放弃,必要时给予呼吸兴奋剂。及时进行气管插管,气管切开,有条件者给予机械通气。可用5%NaHCO3溶液喷雾治疗上呼吸道刺激症状,用生理盐水冲洗眼部。抢救过程中医护人员应十分注意自身安全,必要时配防毒面具,以保障抢救的顺利进行。进一步处理呼吸:进一步维持呼吸及供氧,有条件者应尽早给予加压供氧及高压氧治疗。解毒:10%亚甲蓝20-40mliv,或10%硫代硫酸钠20-40mliv,以促进硫化血红蛋白解离。神经:促进脑细胞代谢,保护脑细胞,亚低温治疗。眼部:保护眼部,每日滴入可的松和抗生素眼药水,直至眼部症状消除。其他:及时处理各种并发症,合并症,如控制感染、抢救脑水肿,肺水肿,休克等。ST段抬高不一定就是心梗。最近有很多类似报道,如误服含9.5%盐酸的清洁剂,心肌心包炎,化疗药物奥沙利铂,房颤电复律后,慢性肾衰等。你临床中见过哪些ST段抬高并非心梗的病例呢?留言分享。

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    2018-05-05 张新亮1853311252142e2fm

    好文献学习了

    0

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    2018-05-04 mashirong
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    2018-05-04 gdsun
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    2018-05-04 hyf035
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    2018-05-02 131****1460

    学习了受益匪浅

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