李庆国:急性A型主动脉夹层合并灌注不良综合征的外科治疗

2020-09-18 《门诊》杂志 门诊新视野

目前,A型主动脉夹层合并灌注不良综合征普遍面临着诊断困难,血运重建不确切、术后病死率和并发症发生率高等诸多困境。因此,构建深入全面的认识及合理准确的干预策略对于这类患者至关重要。

目前,A型主动脉夹层合并灌注不良综合征普遍面临着诊断困难,血运重建不确切、术后病死率和并发症发生率高等诸多困境。因此,构建深入全面的认识及合理准确的干预策略对于这类患者至关重要。在第五届南京医科大学主动脉论坛上,来自南京医科大学第二附属医院血管病中心的李庆国副教授就急性A型主动脉夹层合并灌注不良综合征的外科手术治疗作了精彩的演讲。

A型主动脉夹层合并灌注不良综合征,包括脑、肾、脊髓、肠系膜上动脉、冠状动脉下肢灌注不良。急性A型主动脉夹层合并灌注不良综合征由于病情发展较快、病变复杂,一经确诊应积极予以外科手术治疗。Czerny回顾了2006年~2010年德国2,137例进行手术治疗的A型主动脉夹层患者,发现33.6%的患者术前合并灌注不良,其中发生率最高的为肢体灌注不良,其次为脑灌注不良和冠脉灌注不良。

单中心研究

回顾性分析了南京医科大学第二附属医院2014年1月~2019年6月间收治的362例急性A型主动脉夹层患者,其中合并灌注不良综合征患者70例(19.4%),包含9例脑灌注不良、11例冠状动脉灌注不良、18例肾灌注不良、3例肠系膜上动脉灌注不良、28例下肢灌注不良。

手术方式为全麻下,行全弓置换及支架象鼻术,主动脉根部的处理为行单纯升主动脉转货Bentall手术。术中体外循环的时间为196.4±23.5 min、心肌阻断时间为93.2±8.4 min、选择性脑灌注时间为24.8±6.3 min。

70例患者均行手术治疗,死亡7例:2例冠脉灌注不良患者术中无法停机死亡;2例冠脉灌注不良术后出现心梗治疗3、4天后死亡;1例脑梗患者术后出现脑疝治疗3天后死亡;1例下肢灌注不良患者术后死于多脏器功能衰竭;1例肠系膜上动脉灌注不良术后死于多器官功能衰竭。同期292例未合并脏器灌注不足的患者,死亡率为6.5%。所有患者术后均进行CTA检查,显示支架象鼻周围段及远端真腔打开程度满意,膈肌水平假腔闭合率为80%。

总 结

急性A型主动脉夹层合并灌注不良综合征的患者夹层病变较为广泛,病情较重。虽然A型主动脉夹层合并灌注不良综合征明显增加了手术风险,但通过支架象鼻手术还是能够获得较满意的结果。同时,对于合并冠脉灌注不良的急性A型主动脉夹层患者,术中应个体化处理冠状动脉开口。

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    2020-09-25 咻凡

    急性A型主动脉夹层合并灌注不良综合征的患者夹层病变较为广泛,病情较重。如何避免?

    0

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    2020-09-24 Lexi

    同时,对于合并冠脉灌注不良的急性A型主动脉夹层患者,术中应个体化处理冠状动脉开口。

    0

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