Circulation:蛋白酶激活受体-2参与血管炎症和动脉粥样硬化的发生

2018-10-24 MedSci MedSci原创

凝血系统与血管炎症密切相关,但其机制尚不明确。近期有研究表明蛋白酶激活受体(PAR)-2是激活因子X的主要受体,在血管细胞和白细胞中均有表达,提示PAR-2可能参与炎症病理过程。现研究人员对PAR-2在血管炎症和动脉粥样硬化形成中的作用进行研究。研究人员建立了一种缺乏系统PAR-2表达的脂蛋白E缺陷的小鼠(PAR-2-/-ApoE-/-)。还通过骨髓移植建立ApoE-/- 小鼠,缺乏或仅在骨髓(B

凝血系统与血管炎症密切相关,但其机制尚不明确。近期有研究表明蛋白酶激活受体(PAR)-2是激活因子X的主要受体,在血管细胞和白细胞中均有表达,提示PAR-2可能参与炎症病理过程。现研究人员对PAR-2在血管炎症和动脉粥样硬化形成中的作用进行研究。

研究人员建立了一种缺乏系统PAR-2表达的脂蛋白E缺陷的小鼠(PAR-2-/-ApoE-/-)。还通过骨髓移植建立ApoE-/- 小鼠,缺乏或仅在骨髓(BM)细胞中表达PAR-2。予以西式饮食喂养20周后,采用组织学分析、qPCR和Western blotting分析粥样硬化病损。并在体外采用BM来源的巨噬细胞来明确PAR-2的促炎症作用。此外,研究人员还在进行冠状动脉干预的患者中评估血浆激活因子X水平与冠状动脉粥样硬化的严重程度之间的相关性。

与ApoE-/-小鼠相比,PAR-2-/-ApoE-/-小鼠的动脉粥样硬化病损减少(p<0.05),伴随动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定,如脂质沉积(p<0.05)、胶原丢失(p<0.01)、巨噬细胞积累(p<0.05)以及炎症分子表达减少(p<0.05)。系统敲除ApoE-/-小鼠的PAR2可显著降低炎症分子在动脉中的表达水平。BM移植试验的结果显示造血细胞中的PAR-2可促进ApoE-/-小鼠的动脉粥样硬化。敲除PAR-2不影响代谢参数。体外试验显示激活因子X或PAR-2的特异性肽类激动剂可明显增加野生型小鼠BM来源的巨噬细胞(与PAR-2缺陷小鼠的相比)的炎症因子表达和脂质摄取。核因子κB信号激活参与PAR-2相关的血管炎症和巨噬细胞激活。在进行冠状动脉干预的人类中,血浆激活因子X的水平与冠状动脉粥样硬化的严重程度独立相关。

在ApoE-/-小鼠中,PAR-2信号激活巨噬细胞、促进血管严重,并可增加动脉粥样硬化。该信号或许也参与人类的动脉粥样硬化。


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    2018-10-24 一个字-牛

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-10-24 kafei

    学习了谢谢

    0

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Diabetic Med:糖尿病老年人中抑郁症状的患病率和相关性:社区动脉粥样硬化风险(ARIC)研究

近日,国际杂志 《Diabetic Med》上在线发表一项关于糖尿病老年人中抑郁症状的患病率和相关性:社区动脉粥样硬化风险(ARIC)研究。研究目的是记录老年人血糖谱中当前抑郁症状和抑郁史的患病率,并检查健康状况和医疗保健满意度,获取和利用的衡量标准是否可解释糖尿病状态下当前抑郁症状患病率的差异。 研究人员对参加2011 - 2013年动脉粥样硬化社区风险(ARIC)研究的6226名67-9

JACC:血脂促进动脉粥样硬化观点-强调LDL-C累积暴露,终生最适LDL-C或为70~80 mg/dl

近期,JACC杂志阐述了血脂对心血管健康的影响,并提出总动脉粥样硬化负荷这一新指标用于评估终生心血管事件风险,并表示应该重新定义一级预防以及重置最佳血脂目标值。提出总动脉粥样硬化负荷新指标:LDL-C水平×累积暴露时间文章指出,LDL-C与心血管疾病风险的因果关系取决于LDL-C水平和累积暴露时间。年龄乘以LDL-C水平可以计算出总动脉粥样硬化负荷(如图1),这是影响终生心血管事件的关键指标。

Circulation:卵磷脂:胆固醇酰基转移酶(LCAT)完全缺陷或部分缺陷,对动脉粥样硬化存在迥然不同的影响

卵磷脂:胆固醇酰基转移酶(LCAT)是血浆中唯一酯化胆固醇的酶。据报道,由LCAT突变导致的鱼眼病(FED)或家族性LCAT缺陷(FLD)分别与颈动脉粥样硬化增加和减少相关。LCAT究竟在动脉粥样硬化过程中发挥怎样的作用?上述差异是否是由仅载脂蛋白AI(FED)上的胆固醇酯化或包含载脂蛋白AI和载脂蛋白B两者的脂蛋白(FLD)上的胆固醇酯化所造成的?现Federico Oldoni等人对此进行研究