JAMA Neurol:快速眼动睡眠减少与中老年死亡率增加相关

2020-07-12 ZhaoLei MedSci原创

在美国,大约有5 000 ~ 7 000万人受到睡眠障碍的影响,关于睡眠障碍与死亡率的关系已有大量研究报道,但大多数研究仅关注患者自述睡眠持续时间的影响。

在美国,大约有5 000 ~ 7 000万人受到睡眠障碍的影响,睡眠障碍与血管疾病、代谢性疾病、精神疾病、全因死亡等多系统疾病都相关。关于睡眠障碍与死亡率的关系已有大量研究报道,但大多数研究仅关注患者自述睡眠持续时间的影响。

睡眠可以分为4个阶段,睡眠的第一阶段(N1)通常会持续5分钟左右,在此期间,眼睛和身体肌肉活动会放缓,是最容易被吵醒的阶段。睡眠的第二阶段(N2)会持续10到25分钟。此时眼球会完全停止运动,心率和体温也会下降。睡眠的第三阶段(N3)属深度睡眠阶段。睡眠的第四阶段(N4)是快速眼动睡眠(rapid eye movement, REM )阶段。一般在入睡70到90分钟后进入该阶段。在这期间,眼球会快速转动,心率和血压也会上升。

目前已知快速眼动(REM)睡眠不足与身心健康的不良结局有关,但对于REM睡眠(N4)和非REM睡眠阶段(N1、N2和N3)时间占比与死亡原因的关系知之甚少。

那么REM睡眠不足是否与死亡率增加相关?

该项基于多中心人群的横断面研究使用了《老年人睡眠障碍的结局》(MrOS)和《威斯康星睡眠队列研究》(WSC)两个队列的数据。该研究共纳入了4050名患者,假设REM睡眠减少与死亡风增加相关,并利用MrOS对该关联进行检验。为了评估研究结果的一致性和可推广性,在WSC中进行重复验证。

结果显示:REM睡眠量不足与全因死亡风险增加相关。在随访时间为12.1年的2675名老年男性的队列研究里,REM每减少5%,死亡率就会提高13%。该研究结果在另一组随访时间为20.8年的1375名中年男女队列中得到验证。这说明REM睡眠减少与中老年死亡率风险增加相关。

研究得出:快速眼动睡眠占比和死亡率之间呈强相关,大脑老化加速可能导致快速眼动睡眠减少,使其成为一种死亡标识。但鉴于快速眼动睡眠复杂的潜在生物学功能,需要进一步研究这种关系是否存在因果关系。

原始出处:

Leary EB, Watson KT, Ancoli-Israel S, Redline S, Yaffe K, Ravelo LA, Peppard PE, Zou J, Goodman SN, Mignot E, Stone KL.Association of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep With Mortality in Middle-aged and Older Adults.JAMA Neurol. 2020 Jul 6. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2108.

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    2020-09-27 yinhl1978
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    2020-07-11 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

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