Proc Biol Sci:高个子 “更容易”患癌症?这篇论文了解一下

2018-10-30 生物探索 探索菌

来自加州大学的一名研究人员发现,高个子的人更容易患癌症,因为他们的细胞数量更多。相关成果于10月24日发表在《Proceedings of the Royal Society B》杂志上。

来自加州大学的一名研究人员发现,高个子的人更容易患癌症,因为他们的细胞数量更多。相关成果于10月24日发表在《Proceedings of the Royal Society B》杂志上。

01研究发现了什么?

在这篇论文中,进化生物学家Leonard Nunney将身高与癌症风险进行了比较,并考虑了人体细胞的总数量。

事实上,先前已有研究表明,高个子的人可能更容易患癌症。这一发现也在其他动物(比如狗)身上得到了证实。

在这项新研究中,Nunney收集了已知的癌症风险因素,同时考虑了身高。他使用的数据来自挪威、韩国、奥地利、瑞典等国的多个大型研究。每项研究跟踪调查至少10,000例癌症病例,共涉及一百多万人。

分析结果显示,女性身高每增加10厘米,患癌症的风险就增加13%;男性身高每增加10厘米,患癌症的风险就增加11%。该研究共包含23种癌症,身高增加是其中18种癌症的风险因素(皮肤癌风险增加得最多)。Nunney认为,这可能是因为,生长激素的增加导致了细胞分裂率的增加,从而引发了更多的突变。

总结来说,Nunney发现,对男性来说,皮肤癌、甲状腺癌、结肠癌淋巴瘤、胆道癌和中枢神经系统癌症与增加的身高风险更密切相关;而在女性中,发病风险与身高更相关的疾病是皮肤癌、甲状腺癌、结肠癌、子宫癌、乳腺癌淋巴瘤卵巢癌。此外,研究还发现,宫颈癌的发病风险与身高无关。

那么,为什么患癌风险会随着身高的增加而增长呢?Nunney认为,他的模型提供了一个简单的解释——高个子的人体内拥有更多的细胞。当细胞分裂时,突变就会发生,有时,这些突变会癌变。更多的细胞意味着更多的突变,这就增加了患癌症的几率。

02专家如何看?

不过,曼彻斯特大学的分子生物学教授Andrew Sharrocks表示,高个子患癌风险增加是由于细胞数量多只是一种可能的解释。此外,“癌症发病率高是由于细胞增殖率更高”这一观点也是值得怀疑的。

此外,在BBC的报道中,有专家称,身高只是决定一个人患癌症风险的众多因素之一,并且绝对不是一个“大因素”。

“因身高增加的患癌风险是很小的,人们可以做很多事情来降低患癌风险,如不吸烟、保持健康的体重。”Cancer Research UK的Georgina Hill说。

原始出处:
Nunney L1.Size matters: height, cell number and a person's risk of cancer.Proc Biol Sci. 2018 Oct 24;285(1889). pii: 20181743. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2018.1743.

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    2019-07-29 linlin2312
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    2019-10-08 sunylz
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    2018-11-01 lq0307
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    2018-11-01 sunylz