Lancet:利用人工神经网络对神经肿瘤MRI的肿瘤反应进行自动定量评估:一项多中心、回顾性研究

2019-04-03 不详 网络

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目前,已经引入了神经肿瘤学的响应评估(RANO)标准和统一方案的要求,以在临床试验和临床实践中实现标准化MRI扫描的评估。然而,这些标准主要依赖于对比度增强(CE)靶病变的手动二维测量,因此限制了肿瘤负荷和治疗反应的可靠性和准确评估。本研究的目标是开发一个依靠人工神经网络(ANNs)的框架,用于神经肿瘤学中MRI的全自动定量分析,以克服手动评估肿瘤负荷的固有局限性。

在这项回顾性研究中,研究人员编制了一个单机构数据集,该数据来自海德堡大学医院(德国海德堡;海德堡培训数据集)治疗的脑肿瘤患者,以开发和培训用于CE的自动识别和体积分割的ANN MRI上的肿瘤和非增强的T2信号异常(NE)。用于肿瘤分割的ANN的独立测试和大规模应用是在来自海德堡大学医院的单机构纵向测试数据集和来自前瞻性随机化阶段23欧洲研究组织的多机构纵向测试数据集中完成的。在欧洲38个机构获得治疗癌症EORTC-26101试验(NCT01290939)。在两个纵向数据集中,自动量化空间和时间肿瘤体积动态以计算进展时间,其与RANO确定的进展时间进行比较,在可靠性方面和作为预测总体存活的替代终点。研究人员将这种方法集成到应用就绪软件基础设施中的神经肿瘤学MRI的全自动定量分析中,并将其应用于海德堡大学医院(海德堡模拟数据集)的脑肿瘤患者的模拟临床环境中。

结果显示,对于ANN的训练,MRI数据来自于2009729日至2017317日在海德堡医院接受治疗的455名脑肿瘤患者(每名患者一名MRI)(海德堡训练数据集)。对于ANN的独立测试,在海德堡大学医院与训练数据集(海德堡测试数据集)并行收集了40名患者的独立纵向数据集,其中包括来自239MRI扫描的数据,以及来自34个机构的532名患者的2034MRI扫描20111026日至2015123日期间,在EORTC-26101研究中收集的质量足以包含在EORTC-26101测试数据集中。在两个纵向测试数据集中,ANNCE肿瘤和NE体积的准确检测和分割具有优异的性能(CE肿瘤的中位数DICE系数为0.89 [95CI 0·86-0·90]NE0·93海德堡测试数据集中的[0·92-0·94]; EORTC-26101测试数据集中的CE肿瘤0·91 [0·90-0·92]NEs 0·93 [0·93-0·94] )。基于人工神经网络的肿瘤应答评估进展的时间是一个明显更好的替代终点,比中央RANO评估预测EORTC-26101测试数据集中的总生存率(风险比ANN 2·59 [95CI 1·86-3· 60] vs中央RANO 2·07 [1·46-2·92]; p <0.0001)并且在比较可靠性值(即,在协议中)时,也比RANOp <0.0001)产生了36%的余量。定量的体积定义的进展时间[基于放射科医师的基本事实与人工神经网络的自动评估]87[306中的266个,有足够的数据],而51[155个中的155]具有局部与独立的中心RANO评估)。在海德堡模拟数据集中,包括466名患有脑肿瘤的患者,在2018427日和2018917日之间获得595MRI扫描,在模拟临床环境中自动按需处理MRI扫描和定量肿瘤反应评估需要10分钟计算时间(每次扫描的平均值)。

总体而言,研究人员发现ANN能够在高通量下对神经肿瘤学中的肿瘤反应进行客观和自动化评估,并最终可作为ANN在放射学中应用以改善临床决策。未来的研究应侧重于临床试验中的前瞻性验证以及自动化高通量成像生物标志物发现及其其他疾病扩展的应用。

原始出处:

Philipp Kickingereder, MD, neuro-oncology with artificial neural networks: a multicentre, retrospective study.

本文系梅斯医学(MedSci)原创编译整理,转载需授权!


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