泛发型环状肉芽肿一例

2019-06-13 陈凯 张明 尹纪来 实用皮肤病学杂志

患者,男,61 岁。因躯干、四肢出现丘疹和红斑 5 年余,于 2017 年 2 月 4 日就诊。5 年余前,无明显诱因患者躯干及四肢出现散在数个黄红色丘疹,皮损逐渐增多,部分融合成环状红斑,自觉轻度瘙痒。

临床资料

患者,男,61 岁。因躯干、四肢出现丘疹和红斑 5 年余,于 2017 年 2 月 4 日就诊。5 年余前,无明显诱因患者躯干及四肢出现散在数个黄红色丘疹,皮损逐渐增多,部分融合成环状红斑,自觉轻度瘙痒。

4 年前,曾在我院行皮损组织病理检查,结果显示:表皮轻度萎缩,下方真皮内可见片状由泡沫样细胞和淋巴样细胞组成的浸润团块,泡沫样细胞胞质透亮,内有许多小网格,浸润区与周围组织分界不清,考虑为黄瘤病。同期在海南两家省级医院检查血生化、梅毒抗体、HIV 抗体及胸部计算机断层扫描(CT)均无异常;之后,分别于同年 3 月和 5 月在原华西医科大学附属第一医院两次行皮损组织病理检查,第一次示:表皮脚变平,真皮浅层大量上皮样细胞,泡沫细胞样肉芽肿及大量淋巴细胞浸润,抗酸染色未见抗酸杆菌;第二次示:表皮轻度角化过度,真皮浅层小血管周围、汗腺周围及毛囊周围见较多淋巴细胞及单核细胞,个别中性粒细胞浸润,灶性区见肉芽肿形成。同年 4 月在四川省人民医院行皮损组织病理检查:表皮突变平,真皮浅层可见多个由上皮样细胞团块和周边较多淋巴样细胞组成的肉芽肿,神经支未见异常,抗酸染色阴性,诊断为结核样肉芽肿。在上述医疗机构先后给予羟氯喹、沙利度胺、白芍总苷胶囊口服,他克莫司软膏外用,均无明显好转;在使用地塞米松磷酸钠注射液 10 mg 每日 1 次静脉滴注治疗 1 周后,皮损完全消退,但停药 1 个月后复发。发病前无外伤手术史。自起病以来,患者无发热、关节痛。无类似家族病史。

系统查体:一般情况良好,浅表淋巴结未触及增大,心、肺无异常,肝、脾肋下未及。

皮肤科情况

面部、颈部、躯干和四肢散在分布大量绿豆大小的红色丘疹及绿豆至蚕豆大小的环状隆起性红斑,部分融合成片,中央平坦、颜色略浅,大部分边缘光滑、隆起,有浸润感,无压痛(图 1)。
 


组织病理

手术切取左侧背部红斑,组织病理检查示:真皮上部可见片状、大小不一嗜伊红的纤维蛋白样变性,周围有部分组织样细胞和淋巴样细胞呈栅栏状排列形成肉芽肿样结构,胶原纤维间有少量黏蛋白沉积,并见多个多核巨细胞(图 2)。
 


诊断及治疗

诊断:环状肉芽肿(泛发型)。

治疗:硫酸羟氯喹 0.2 g每日 2 次、雷公藤多苷片 20 mg 每日 3 次口服。2 周后皮损逐渐消退;1 个月余后,患者躯干及四肢再次出现新发环形红斑,遂自行停药。电话随访 1 年余,发稿前随访,患者述皮损时有复发,但数量较就诊时减少约 2/3。

环状肉芽肿是一种原因不明的慢性渐进坏死性皮肤病,组织病理可见灶性胶原纤维变性,炎症反应和纤维化,并有不同程度的黏蛋白物质。依据炎症反应的不同类型,组织病理可细分为:①栅栏状肉芽肿型;②散在组织细胞浸润型;③上皮结节型;④混合型。其中,以栅栏状肉芽肿型较为多见。环状肉芽肿可能的原因包括:①遗传因素,与人类白细胞抗原(HLA)表型大致呈正相关;②病毒感染,如带状疱疹后的同型反应即可表现为环状肉芽肿;③代谢因素
 
原始出处:

陈凯,张明,尹纪来,杨先旭等,泛发型环状肉芽肿一例[J],实用皮肤病学杂志,2018,11(4):248,250

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    2022-07-07 ms5000001084488507

    怎么联系您?

    0

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    2022-07-07 ms5000001084488507

    您好,医生,我也是医院诊断为环状肉芽肿,能治愈吗

    0

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    2019-10-26 ying_wu
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