新发现:奥拉帕利让BRCA突变患者疾病进展或死亡风险降低70%

2018-10-23 美通社 美通社

阿斯利康与默沙东今日联合公布了III期SOLO-1试验的详细结果,该试验旨在研究使用奥拉帕利片剂作为维持疗法,治疗新诊断BRCA突变(BRCAm)晚期卵巢癌患者的疗效与安全性。这些患者需要在先前接受初始标准含铂化疗后出现完全或部分缓解。试验结果证实,与安慰剂组相比,奥拉帕利组的无进展生存期(PFS)实现了具有统计学意义与临床意义的改善,疾病进展或死亡风险降低了70%(HR 0.30 [95%

阿斯利康与默沙东今日联合公布了III期SOLO-1试验的详细结果,该试验旨在研究使用奥拉帕利片剂作为维持疗法,治疗新诊断BRCA突变(BRCAm)晚期卵巢癌患者的疗效与安全性。这些患者需要在先前接受初始标准含铂化疗后出现完全或部分缓解。

试验结果证实,与安慰剂组相比,奥拉帕利组的无进展生存期(PFS)实现了具有统计学意义与临床意义的改善,疾病进展或死亡风险降低了70%(HR 0.30 [95% CI 0.23-0.41],p <0.001)。经中位41个月随访后,奥拉帕利组仅有39.2%患者经研究者评估为进展或死亡,故未达到中位PFS值;而安慰剂组患者的中位PFS为13.8个月。在奥拉帕利组中,有60%的患者在36个月内无疾病进展,而安慰剂组的比例为27%。这些数据已在德国慕尼黑举行的2018年欧洲肿瘤医学协会会议的主席研讨会上对外发布,并同步在线发表于《新英格兰医学期刊》。

研究者评估的PFS

来自《新英格兰医学期刊》:Moore K, Colombo N, Scambia G, et al. Maintenance olaparib in patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer. N Engl J Med. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1810858. 版权所有:2018麻省医学会。经麻省医学会许可转载。
来自《新英格兰医学期刊》:Moore K, Colombo N, Scambia G, et al. Maintenance olaparib in patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer. N Engl J Med. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1810858. 版权所有:2018麻省医学会。经麻省医学会许可转载。

无进展生存期数据归纳 1,2


奥拉帕利

(n=260)

安慰剂

(n=130)

出现事件的患者人数 (%)3

102 (39)

96 (73)

中位值 (单位:月)

未达到

13.8

风险比 (95% CI)

0.30 (0.23-0.41)

P值

p<0.001

 

1研究者评估

2奥拉帕利组的中位(四分位数区间)随访时间为40.7个月(34.9-42.9),安慰剂为41.2个月(32.2-41.6)

3在试验进行至50.6%的进度时完成分析

阿斯利康全球药品开发执行副总裁兼首席医疗官Sean Bohen说:“目前,在晚期卵巢癌的治疗方面存在大量未满足的需求,70%的患者在接受初始治疗后的头三年内会出现复发。SOLO-1试验的最新结果令人瞩目,试验结果显示,有60%新诊断BRCA突变晚期卵巢癌患者在三年内未出现疾病进展,这展示了奥拉帕利作为一线维持疗法的巨大潜力。”

默沙东研究实验室首席医疗官、高级副总裁兼全球临床开发主管Roy Baynes说:“在肿瘤药物的研究过程中,我们的共同目标是改善癌症患者的长期生存结果。SOLO-1试验的最新结果表明,针对接受过铂类化疗的新诊断BRCA突变晚期卵巢癌患者,奥拉帕利是唯一一种在降低患者疾病进展风险方面呈现出显著临床意义的PARP抑制剂。我们正在加快与监管机构的合作,尽早让奥拉帕利获批用于这些患者的治疗。”

美国俄克拉荷马市俄克拉荷马大学斯蒂芬森癌症中心临床研究副主任、SOLO-1试验联合首席研究员Kathleen Moore说:“卵巢癌患者在确诊时常常已处于疾病晚期,患者的长期生存率很低。新诊病例是我们实现病情持续缓解的最佳机会,因为一旦患者的卵巢癌出现复发,它通常是无法治愈的。SOLO-1试验的最新结果证明,奥拉帕利作为早期维持疗法拥有巨大潜力,同时再次强调了在诊断时确定患者BRCA突变状态的重要性。这些结果将有望改变我们治疗BRCA突变晚期卵巢癌患者的方式。”

SOLO-1试验的安全性特征与先前临床试验中所观察到的一致。发生比例大于等于20%的最常见不良事件包括恶心(77%)、疲劳/虚弱(63%)、呕吐(40%)、贫血(39%)和腹泻(34%)。大于等于3级的最常见不良事件包括贫血(22%)和中性粒细胞减少(9%)。在奥拉帕利组中,有72%的患者始终维持初始推荐剂量。此外,在奥拉帕利组中,有88%患者未出现因不良事件而停药的情况。

阿斯利康和默沙东正在开展卵巢癌领域的其他试验,包括正在进行的GINECO / ENGOTov25 III期临床试验,PAOLA-1。该试验旨在研究奥拉帕利联合贝伐单抗针对新诊断晚期卵巢癌患者的维持治疗效果,不论其BRCA状态如何,结果预计将于2019年下半年对外公布。

目前,奥拉帕利已在60多个国家获批用于治疗铂敏感复发性卵巢癌,无论患者BRCA状态如何。此外,奥拉帕利已在美国、加拿大、日本和澳大利亚获批用于治疗胚系BRCA突变的HER2阴性转移性乳腺癌

关于SOLO-1试验

SOLO-1是一项III期随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、多中心试验,旨在评估奥拉帕利片剂(300 mg/每日两次)作为单药维持疗法与安慰剂相比,针对接受过铂类化疗的新诊断BRCA突变晚期卵巢患者的疗效与安全性。试验随机入组了391名存在有害或疑似有害BRCA1或BRCA2突变的患者,这些患者在接受铂类化疗后均出现了临床完全或部分缓解。患者随机(比例为2:1)接受奥拉帕利或安慰剂治疗,治疗时间为两年或直至出现疾病进展(由研究人员判定)。主要终点是无进展生存期,关键次要终点包括到第二次出现疾病进展或死亡的时间、到第一次后续治疗的时间以及总生存期。

关于奥拉帕利

奥拉帕利是首个PARP抑制剂,也是首个潜在利用DNA损伤应答(DDR)途径缺陷(如BRCA突变)优先杀死癌细胞的靶向治疗药物。具体而言,体外研究显示,奥拉帕利诱导的细胞毒性可能涉及抑制PARP酶活性并促进了PARP-DNA复合物的形成,从而导致DNA损伤与癌细胞的死亡。奥拉帕利正在针对一系列DDR缺陷型肿瘤中开展试验。

奥拉帕利由阿斯利康与默沙东共同开发和生产,目前已获批用于治疗晚期卵巢癌和转移性乳腺癌,在全球20,000多名患者中使用。奥拉帕利拥有最广泛和最先进的PARP抑制剂临床试验开发项目。阿斯利康和默沙东正在共同研究如何将奥拉帕利单药与组合疗法用于多种癌症类型的多个PARP依赖型肿瘤。基于奥拉帕利,阿斯利康已在靶向癌细胞DDR机制潜在新药研发领域获得了行业领先地位的基础。


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    2018-10-25 智智灵药

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