Environ. Health Perspect:消毒水(饮用,淋浴,游泳池)副产物暴露与膀胱癌之间的关系研究。

2017-06-25 fengxiangxin MedSci原创

目前已有多项研究表明消毒副产物的摄入与膀胱癌之间存在联系。尽管与多种暴露途径的关联已经被提出了,但流行病学证据依然有限。

目前已有多项研究表明消毒副产物的摄入与膀胱癌之间存在联系。尽管与多种暴露途径的关联已经被提出了,但流行病学证据依然有限。

此研究中,研究者评估了参与者通过各种途径暴露的总加氯消毒物量和溴化三卤甲烷(THMs,在饮用水氯化消毒过程中氯与水中的有机物所反应生成的主要挥发性卤代烃类化合物,包括氯仿、一溴二氯甲烷、二溴一氯甲烷和溴仿。在动物试验中证明具有致突变性和(或)致癌性,有的还有致畸性和(或)神经毒性作用)。

在新英格兰以人群为基础的病例对照研究中,研究者评估了所有参与者在其一生中通过消化道摄入的三卤甲烷(THMs)以及皮肤摄入的三卤甲烷(THMs,淋浴/泡澡和游泳池使用时间)。通过调整混杂因素,使用无条件logistic回归计算出了比值比(OR)和95%置信区间(CI)。

调整膀胱癌OR值后,暴露量在95百分位数以上的参与者和暴露量在第一四分位数内的参与者(基于分布控制)的平均每日总三卤甲烷(THMs)摄入(95%置信区间:1.01-2.32)和溴化三卤甲烷摄入(95%可信区间:1.19-3.29)有显着的统计学差异。

当计算累计摄入量(mg)时,总三卤甲烷、加氯消毒物和溴化三卤甲烷暴露量在95百分位数处其ORs值分别为1.45(95%置信区间:0.95-2.2),1.77(95%置信区间:1.05,2-99)和1.78(95%置信区间:1.05,3)。对于淋浴/泡澡量最多的参与者,其溴化三卤甲烷暴露量的OR值为1.43(95%置信区间:0.80-2.42)。

本研究中,没有发现膀胱癌和游泳池使用时间相关的证据。但是研究者观察到消化道摄入THMs含量较高的水与膀胱癌之间有一定的联系。基于毒理学证据,溴化三卤甲烷是人们特殊关注的化合物,研究者提出的膀胱癌与多个指标之间的关系,还需要在更高层次的暴露风险人群中进一步研究。总之,来自该人群的数据不支持游泳池使用与膀胱癌之间具有联系。

原始出处:

Beane Freeman, L.E., K.P. Cantor, D. Baris, et al., Bladder Cancer and Water Disinfection By-product Exposures through Multiple Routes: A Population-Based Case-Control Study (New England, USA). Environ Health Perspect, 2017 Jun 21;125(6):067010. doi: 10.1289/EHP89.

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    2017-09-22 anminleiryan
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    2018-02-28 feather89
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    2017-08-21 shizhenshan
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    2017-06-27 huperzia
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    2017-06-27 july_979
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