PNAS:下丘脑POMC神经元中E-Syt3在营养性肥胖的形成中起重要的作用

2020-08-17 酶美 BioArt

近年来,在发达国家和发展中国家,肥胖人口均快速增加。肥胖会导致或促进心脑血管疾病、2型糖尿病,以及非酒精性脂肪肝等疾病的发生,危害人类的健康,因此,研究肥胖形成的原因以开发新的治疗方法显得至关重要。

近年来,在发达国家和发展中国家,肥胖人口均快速增加。肥胖会导致或促进心脑血管疾病、2型糖尿病,以及非酒精性脂肪肝等疾病的发生,危害人类的健康,因此,研究肥胖形成的原因以开发新的治疗方法显得至关重要。

位于大脑基底部的下丘脑是调控机体能量代谢的中枢。其中弓状核(Arcuate nucleus, Arc)内合成阿黑皮素原 (Proopiomelanocortin, POMC) 的神经元在能量平衡调控中具有重要的作用。激活POMC神经元可抑制食欲并促进机体产热。POMC前体肽经加工后形成成熟的多肽,如α-促黑色素细胞激素(α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone, α-MSH),能够作用于下丘脑和下丘脑以外的神经元,从而抑制食欲,并增加产热。

近期,华中科技大学张果教授、爱因斯坦医学院蔡东升教授与南京医科大学李聚学教授合作在PNAS上发表题为 Hypothalamic extended synaptotagmin-3 contributes to the development of dietary obesity and related metabolic disorders 的研究论文,揭示了下丘脑神经元中Extended synaptotagmin-3(E-Syt3)在营养性肥胖(Diet-induced obesity, DIO)形成中的作用。

E-Syt蛋白质能够结合Ca2+,是含C2结构域蛋白家族的一个亚家族。E-Syt在进化上是一个高度保守的蛋白亚家族,广泛存在于从植物、酵母,到哺乳动物等多种生物体内。在哺乳动物细胞内,E-Syt蛋白亚家族包含E-Syt1、E-Syt2和E-Syt3三个成员。既往研究显示,E-Syt蛋白能够介导内质网与质膜的接触,并且在细胞内脂质稳态中起重要的作用。敲除细胞中E-Syt基因,能够引起二酰基甘油(Diacylglycerol, DAG)在质膜上的积累。研究表明,E-Syt3在中枢神经系统和一些外周组织中表达。在功能方面,研究人员观察了E-Syt2和E-Syt3双基因敲除小鼠和E-Syt1、E-Syt2和E-Syt3三基因敲除小鼠,但未发现明显的异常。针对双基因敲除小鼠进行的组织学分析,也未发现在肺、脾脏、睾丸和肌肉组织中存在异常。因此,我们对E-Syt蛋白在生理和/或病理中的作用还所知甚少。

在本研究中,作者首先利用组织学染色,发现E-Syt3在下丘脑弓状核等核团的神经元中表达。在高脂食物饲养条件下,全身或POMC神经元特异性敲除E-Syt3可抑制小鼠的食欲并促进产热。相应地,敲除该基因能够部分缓解食用高热量食物引起的肥胖及相关合并症,包括糖耐量和血脂的异常等。反之,在普通食物饲养条件下,在弓状核神经元中过表达E-Syt3在一定程度上能够促进食物的摄入并减少产热,从而导致体重的过度增加。

在机制方面,该研究发现,高热量食物饲养的E-Syt3敲除小鼠,其下丘脑中α-MSH的含量明显增加。进一步的分析显示,敲除E-Syt3基因可促使POMC前体肽加工为α-MSH。E-Syt3基因的缺失引起PKC-AP-1信号通路的活化,进而促进编码POMC多肽加工所需要的水解酶PC1/3和PC2基因的转录活性,增加α-MSH的形成;抑制小鼠的食欲,促进产热,最终对高热量食物诱导的肥胖产生部分抵抗。

总之,该研究表明,下丘脑POMC神经元中的E-Syt3在营养性肥胖的形成中起着重要的作用。这一结果提示该分子可能作为肥胖药物治疗的一个新靶点。

原始出处:

Yi Zhang, Yunliang Guan, Susu Pan, et al.Hypothalamic extended synaptotagmin-3 contributes to the development of dietary obesity and related metabolic disorders.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Aug 3;202004392. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2004392117.

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    2020-10-01 drwjr
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    2020-08-19 ms5000000741733160

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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1856424, encodeId=4887185642478, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 14:29:37 CST 2020, time=2020-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=885999, encodeId=9d4d8859996b, content=👍🏻, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b5ce5023100, createdName=561066092, createdTime=Thu Sep 17 11:06:58 CST 2020, time=2020-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=811081, encodeId=160e81108164, content=👍🏻, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=25e55411955, createdName=ms5000000741733160, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 16:28:47 CST 2020, time=2020-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1435947, encodeId=2f5b143594e86, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c8ba20119d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#下丘脑#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20119, encryptionId=c8ba20119d1, topicName=下丘脑)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智智灵药, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 01:29:37 CST 2020, time=2020-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558323, encodeId=5ef115583234e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c8a7208e8a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#丘脑#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20878, encryptionId=c8a7208e8a8, topicName=丘脑)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fb8814960000, createdName=xlwang2696, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 01:29:37 CST 2020, time=2020-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564332, encodeId=771f15643324d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c8a7208e8a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#丘脑#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20878, encryptionId=c8a7208e8a8, topicName=丘脑)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fb8814960000, createdName=xlwang2696, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 01:29:37 CST 2020, time=2020-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809919, encodeId=1cfe809919a7, content=不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKcZXiaTBAicoISasIic8SlnIeAst3s2f1Hng3rKqHN1rfOHnutEHyfzFDBYpvZaladia7lHaD1Fp4ABA/132, createdBy=3eaa2459682, createdName=skyline888, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 22:15:25 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809657, encodeId=bbf380965e31, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200817/2786f976001a4edd9a06b98ec2527751/bef891b389dd48d8a0076e15cba6fc86.jpg, createdBy=72015403602, createdName=ms5000001908858550, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 13:08:54 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-08-19 xlwang2696
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1856424, encodeId=4887185642478, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 14:29:37 CST 2020, time=2020-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=885999, encodeId=9d4d8859996b, content=👍🏻, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b5ce5023100, createdName=561066092, createdTime=Thu Sep 17 11:06:58 CST 2020, time=2020-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=811081, encodeId=160e81108164, content=👍🏻, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=25e55411955, createdName=ms5000000741733160, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 16:28:47 CST 2020, time=2020-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1435947, encodeId=2f5b143594e86, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c8ba20119d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#下丘脑#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20119, encryptionId=c8ba20119d1, topicName=下丘脑)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智智灵药, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 01:29:37 CST 2020, time=2020-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558323, encodeId=5ef115583234e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c8a7208e8a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#丘脑#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20878, encryptionId=c8a7208e8a8, topicName=丘脑)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fb8814960000, createdName=xlwang2696, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 01:29:37 CST 2020, time=2020-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564332, encodeId=771f15643324d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c8a7208e8a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#丘脑#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20878, encryptionId=c8a7208e8a8, topicName=丘脑)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fb8814960000, createdName=xlwang2696, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 01:29:37 CST 2020, time=2020-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809919, encodeId=1cfe809919a7, content=不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKcZXiaTBAicoISasIic8SlnIeAst3s2f1Hng3rKqHN1rfOHnutEHyfzFDBYpvZaladia7lHaD1Fp4ABA/132, createdBy=3eaa2459682, createdName=skyline888, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 22:15:25 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809657, encodeId=bbf380965e31, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200817/2786f976001a4edd9a06b98ec2527751/bef891b389dd48d8a0076e15cba6fc86.jpg, createdBy=72015403602, createdName=ms5000001908858550, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 13:08:54 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-08-19 xlwang2696
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1856424, encodeId=4887185642478, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 14:29:37 CST 2020, time=2020-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=885999, encodeId=9d4d8859996b, content=👍🏻, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b5ce5023100, createdName=561066092, createdTime=Thu Sep 17 11:06:58 CST 2020, time=2020-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=811081, encodeId=160e81108164, content=👍🏻, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=25e55411955, createdName=ms5000000741733160, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 16:28:47 CST 2020, time=2020-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1435947, encodeId=2f5b143594e86, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c8ba20119d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#下丘脑#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20119, encryptionId=c8ba20119d1, topicName=下丘脑)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智智灵药, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 01:29:37 CST 2020, time=2020-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558323, encodeId=5ef115583234e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c8a7208e8a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#丘脑#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20878, encryptionId=c8a7208e8a8, topicName=丘脑)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fb8814960000, createdName=xlwang2696, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 01:29:37 CST 2020, time=2020-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564332, encodeId=771f15643324d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c8a7208e8a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#丘脑#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20878, encryptionId=c8a7208e8a8, topicName=丘脑)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fb8814960000, createdName=xlwang2696, createdTime=Wed Aug 19 01:29:37 CST 2020, time=2020-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809919, encodeId=1cfe809919a7, content=不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKcZXiaTBAicoISasIic8SlnIeAst3s2f1Hng3rKqHN1rfOHnutEHyfzFDBYpvZaladia7lHaD1Fp4ABA/132, createdBy=3eaa2459682, createdName=skyline888, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 22:15:25 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=809657, encodeId=bbf380965e31, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200817/2786f976001a4edd9a06b98ec2527751/bef891b389dd48d8a0076e15cba6fc86.jpg, createdBy=72015403602, createdName=ms5000001908858550, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 13:08:54 CST 2020, time=2020-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-08-17 skyline888

    不错

    0

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    2020-08-17 ms5000001908858550

    0

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Cell:神经元释放的IL-33介导小胶质细胞吞噬细胞外基质促进突触重塑

大脑突触重塑在整个生命中不断发生,包括海马体在内的区域会根据经验发生突触重塑,对学习和记忆巩固非常关键。深入了解神经环路中突触重塑的影响因素,对于理解经验如何在大脑中稳定编码至关重要。

Nature:冯国平/傅展燕/李寅青等揭开丘脑网状核的神秘面纱

当你全神贯注于某件事时,往往会对周围的一切充耳不闻或者熟视无睹。究竟我们的大脑是靠什么生理机制来实现这样的功能呢?秘密就藏在丘脑网状核(TRN)中。

Cell Metab:节食有道,神经元阀门帮你管住嘴

导 读:你是否曾经在吃过某种食物后恶心反胃,之后一旦看到它就失去食欲?这是因为胃肠道向大脑产生了一种信号让你产生这种恶心感。传统观点认为大脑中存在一种来自胃肠道的回路能够帮助抑制食欲,一旦被过度激活就会使你产生不适。