你听说过医疗小丑吗?BMJ证实:医疗小丑有助于儿科患者改善健康

2021-01-05 张佳兴 生物探索

医疗小丑,对我们来说这个词可能还有点陌生,但在欧美一些国家已经出现了几十年,在以色列、澳大利亚、美国、加拿大等已经是一个严肃且专业的职业了,这些专业人士通过表演来缓解病人的紧张情绪。

医疗小丑,对我们来说这个词可能还有点陌生,但在欧美一些国家已经出现了几十年,在以色列、澳大利亚、美国、加拿大等已经是一个严肃且专业的职业了,这些专业人士通过表演来缓解病人的紧张情绪,帮助他们度过艰难的治疗过程,改善住院病人的总体状况。

越来越多人逐渐意识到,医疗小丑在医疗保健中可以起到辅助作用,促进病人康复。先前的荟萃分析评估了医疗小丑的效果,尽管发现医疗小丑在减轻压力和焦虑方面发挥了重大作用,但大多数纳入研究的偏倚风险增加,证据质量较低。

近日,巴西圣埃斯皮里图联邦大学Luís Carlos Lopes-Júnior团队在《英国医学杂志》上发表了题为“Effectiveness of hospital clowns for symptom management in paediatrics: systematic review of randomised and  non-randomised controlled trials”的文章,研究了医疗小丑对儿科症状管理的有效性。

为了评估医疗小丑对因急慢性疾病住院的儿童和青少年的一系列症状群的有效性,研究组在Medline、Science Direct、Scopus等大型数据库中检索随机和非随机对照试验,包括对急慢性疾病入院的儿童和青少年使用医疗小丑与标准治疗的比较研究,以及评估医疗小丑对住院儿童和青少年症状管理的影响,并将其作为主要结果的研究,次要结果指标是患有急性疾病或慢性疾病的儿童或青少年的数量以及对所提供的护理感到满意的儿童或青少年的数量。

根据Prisma选择的研究流程图

结果共有24项研究(n=1612)符合数据提取和分析的纳入标准,其中13项为随机对照试验,其余为非随机对照试验(n=11)。最常分析的症状是焦虑(13项),其次是疼痛(9项)、心理和情感反应以及幸福感(4项)、压力(4项)、癌症相关疲劳(3项)和哭泣(2项)。有五项研究使用了生物标志物,主要是皮质醇,来评估医疗小丑表演后患儿的压力或疲劳结局。在13个随机对照试验中,根据Jadad量表,只有4个显示出高的方法质量,而其余9个随机对照试验的Jadad得分为1或2,表明低的方法质量。

纳入随机对照试验的内部效度和偏倚风险评估

研究结果表明,医疗小丑可能对改善患有急性和慢性疾病的儿童和青少年的心理健康和情绪反应有积极的影响。无论是否有家长在场,当医疗小丑出现时,儿童和青少年在一系列医疗过程中表现出的焦虑程度显著降低,心理适应能力也有所改善。三项评估慢性疾病的研究显示,医疗小丑的干预效果良好,能显著减轻儿童和青少年患者的压力、疲劳、疼痛和痛苦。

总的来说,在医疗程序、术前手术室麻醉诱导以及作为慢性疾病常规治疗的一部分,医疗小丑的存在可能有益于管理某些症状群。与那些只接受标准治疗的儿童和青少年相比,医疗小丑可能有助于改善患有急慢性疾病的住院儿童和青少年的心理健康。

原始出处:

Luís Carlos Lopes-Júnior  1 , Emiliana Bomfim  2 , Karin Olson  3 ,et al.Effectiveness of hospital clowns for symptom management in paediatrics: systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials.BMJ . 2020 Dec 16;371:m4290.doi: 10.1136/bmj.m4290. 

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    2022-03-10 牟文文

    新奇

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    2021-04-14 gaoxiaoe
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    2021-01-08 莉莉安 Lillian C.

    不奇怪哦嘿嘿

    0

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    2021-01-06 Houqiangcn

    人文关怀

    0

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