CID:四价人乳头瘤病毒疫苗对HIV-1感染妇女的免疫原性和安全性

2021-09-27 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

持续感染致癌性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)可导致肛门和宫颈上皮内瘤变和癌症。与未感染艾滋病毒的妇女相比,感染了人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的妇女受到HPV相关肛门疾病的影响不成比例。

   持续感染致癌性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)可导致肛门和宫颈上皮内瘤变和癌症。与未感染艾滋病毒的妇女相比,感染了人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的妇女受到HPV相关肛门疾病的影响不成比例。尽管联合使用抗逆转录病毒疗法(CART)可以免疫重建,但肛门HPV感染和疾病的患病率仍然很高。目前宫颈癌预防策略的目标是通过及早发现和治疗HPV感染引起的上皮内病变来进行二级预防,关于如何在妇女中实施肛门癌预防的文献到目前为止还没有达成共识。生活在医疗资源有限的国家的妇女可能无法获得这些措施,因此,迫切需要对HPV感染进行初级预防。

背景:感染人类免疫缺陷病毒(艾滋病毒)的妇女受与人类乳头瘤病毒(HPV)相关的肛门疾病的影响不成比例,特别是在免疫抑制增强的情况下。艾滋病临床试验小组A5240方案是一项在美国、巴西和南非的319名艾滋病毒感染妇女的试验,以筛查CD4计数为基础,确定四价HPV疫苗在3个层次的免疫原性和安全性:>350 (a层)、201-350 (B层)和≤200个细胞数/µL (C层)。

方法。检测HPV 6型、11型、16型和18型的安全性和血清状态。HPV血清学检测采用竞争性Luminex免疫分析法(HPV-4 cLIA)。对基线时给定血清阴性类型的参与者进行了HPV特异性血清转换分析。

结果。患者中位年龄为36岁,11%是白人,56%是黑人,31%是西班牙裔。中位CD4计数为310个细胞/µL, 40%检测不到HIV-1。没有发现任何安全问题。28周时,妇女HPV6、11、16和18型的血清转换率A层分别为96%、98%、99%和91%。B层分别为100%、98%、98%、85%,C层分别为84%、92%、93%、75%。

表1 基线时某一血清阴性类型的参与者第28周的人乳头状瘤病毒抗体浓度

表2 基线时某一血清阳性类型的参与者第28周的人乳头瘤病毒抗体浓度

结论:针对6型、11型、16型和18型的四价HPV疫苗在13-45岁的艾滋病毒感染妇女中是安全的和具有免疫原性的。HIV RNA载量>10 000拷贝/mL和/或CD4计数<200细胞/µL的妇女血清转换率较低。

原文出处

Kojic EM,  Kang M,  Cespedes MS,et al,Immunogenicity and safety of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in HIV-1-infected women.Clin Infect Dis 2014 Jul 01;59(1) 

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