npj Parkinsons Dis: 迷走神经刺激,可改善帕金森患者的冻结步态

2022-04-20 Freeman MedSci原创

使用nVNS每天三次,持续一个月,可以改善PD患者的步态和运动功能

通过手术植入设备进行的迷走神经刺激(VNS)被批准作为癫痫病的辅助神经调节疗法已有二十多年。它在治疗偏头痛、丛集性头痛和抑郁症方面也显示出疗效。虽然VNS的具体机制在很大程度上是未知的,但它被认为是通过直接作用于孤岛核和蓝斑核来影响各个脑区。

图1 论文标题图

最近,这种治疗模式已经通过引入手持式非侵入性VNS(nVNS)设备而得到简化。这种方法有几个优点,其中最重要的是能够对各种疾病进行干预试验,而没有手术和术后并发症的危险。除了对中枢神经网络的影响外,一些研究表明,VNS可能具有抗炎特性。因此,在一系列炎症性疾病中都有潜在的应用,包括类风湿性关节炎、败血症、糖尿病和心血管疾病。有趣的是,神经炎症已被牵涉到帕金森病和其他一些神经退行性疾病的发病机制中。


帕金森病(PD)是第二大流行的神经退行性疾病和最常见的运动障碍,由运动迟缓、静止性震颤、僵硬和姿势不稳定义。PD患者面临着以正常步伐和节奏行走的困难。在疾病的晚期,患者在行走时冻结,描述一种 "被粘在地上 "的感觉,持续数秒或数分钟。这些症状是致残性的,并随着黑质系统的逐渐变性而逐渐恶化。人们提出了PD的各种病理生理机制,包括神经炎症、氧化应激和细胞代谢受损等;其中,炎症可以说是重要因素之一。我们的小组和其他小组已经证明,PD患者的神经炎症介质是上调的。不出所料,炎症调节剂已被广泛探索,以期改变疾病的进展。然而,到目前为止,结果是不确定的。


藉此,印度Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, Kolkata的India
Banashree Mondal等人,在这项随机双盲假对照交叉试验中,研究了颈部nVNS(gammaCore, electroCore, Inc., NJ, USA)作为标准治疗的辅助手段,对患有步态冻结的PD患者进行为期一个月的治疗的效果。

此外,他们还测量了一部分患者的血清中选定的炎症和氧化应激标志物的水平,以及脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF),以评估nVNS的慢性刺激对PD患者的神经炎症和神经可塑性的影响。

在一组患者中,他们测量了实验干预前后血清中选定的神经营养素水平以及炎症和氧化应激的标志物。

33名伴有步态冻结的PD患者被随机分配到nVNS或对照。

在基线评估后,患者被指示在家中使用nVNS/sham设备(electroCore公司,美国)进行6次两分钟的刺激(总共12分钟/天),为期一个月。

然后对患者进行重新评估。在一个月的冲洗期后,同样的病人被分配到另一个治疗组,并遵循同样的过程。

与假药相比,使用nVNS观察到关键步态参数的明显改善,包括行走速度、站立时间和步长。同样,整体运动功能(MDS-UPDRS III)在nVNS刺激后也有明显改善。

用nVNS治疗后,血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α和谷胱甘肽水平下降,脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)水平明显增加(P < 0.05)。

这说明nVNS在治疗PD患者的步态和运动功能方面的有效性和安全性。

由此可见,使用nVNS每天三次,持续一个月,可以改善PD患者的步态和运动功能,并显著降低血清炎症标志物。



原文出处:
Mondal B, Choudhury S, Banerjee R, et al. Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation improves clinical and molecular biomarkers of Parkinson’s disease in patients with freezing of gait. npj Parkinsons Dis. 2021;7(1):46. doi:10.1038/s41531-021-00190-x

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    2023-01-08 xxxx1061
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    2022-05-17 赛华佗

    #迷走神经#刺激,可改善#帕金森病#患者的步态,这个比较有前途,未来结合人工智能

    0

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