Protein & Cell:中国团队发现基因治疗新武器:腺嘌呤碱基编辑系统

2018-08-03 探索菌 生物探索

近日,华东师范大学和中山大学的科学家们通力合作,成功改进了ABE基因编辑系统,相关成果于2018年7月31日发表在《protein&cell》杂志上。

近日,华东师范大学和中山大学的科学家们通力合作,成功改进了ABE基因编辑系统,相关成果于2018年7月31日发表在《protein&cell》杂志上。

DNA碱基由腺嘌呤(A),胸腺嘧啶(T),胞嘧啶(C)和鸟嘌呤(G)组成,它们以特定的顺序排列以编码遗传信息。ABE系统能够使腺嘌呤(A)转化为鸟嘌呤(G),因此它可以成为科学家们改变遗传密码的工具。由于几乎一半的人类遗传疾病是由C/G到T/A突变引起的,这种突变恰好可以通过ABE系统进行理想地修正,因此这是一种很有前景的治疗技术,不仅可以用于制作特定的动物疾病模型,也可以直接用于基因治疗。

小鼠和大鼠是生物学和医学研究中最重要的两种模式生物,因为它们很容易饲养和繁殖,并且在生理上与人类相似。利用转基因啮齿类动物模型,科学家在理解人类生物学、疾病病理学和治疗多种疾病的方法上都取得了重大进展。然而,即使使用像CRISPR/Cas9这样的靶向基因编辑技术,也不容易产生含有特定基因突变体的小鼠(或大鼠)疾病模型。

而在本研究中,华东师范大学李大力博士带领的团队,使用改进的ABE系统有效地产生了三种小鼠品系,以模拟被称为Dunchenne Muscular Dystrophy(DMD)的遗传性肌肉变性疾病。他们还使用大鼠模型来模拟II型遗传性糖原贮积病,即GSD或Pompe病。这些模型是测试创新疗法,特别是基因疗法的重要资源。

李大力博士说:“扩大ABE系统的目标范围,并测试其在细胞和动物中的效率和编辑窗口至关重要。”他在华东师范大学的研究小组使用了化学修饰的“指导RNA”(gRNA)来提高整体编辑效率,并且已经实现了原始ABE系统未涵盖的基因组位点的靶向编辑。

“研究的结果是充满希望的。”李大力博士说,“我们正在努力将这一强大的工具应用于临床前治疗研究,为不同的人类遗传疾病开发新的基因治疗策略。尽管ABE的整体效率和传递系统的改善仍是一个挑战,但我相信临床应用会在不久的将来实现。”

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    2019-01-17 维他命
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    2018-08-05 sunylz
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    2018-08-04 哈哈869

    学习了

    0

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    2018-08-03 神功盖世

    0

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