Eur Heart J:吃红肉导致心脏病风险的机制

2018-12-12 佚名 中国生物技术网

在同时进行的几项研究中,美国克利夫兰诊所的研究人员发现了新机制可以阐明经常吃红肉导致心脏病风险上升的原因和方式,以及肠道细菌在这一过程中所起的作用。

美国克利夫兰诊所的研究人员发现了新机制可以阐明经常吃红肉导致心脏病风险上升的原因和方式,以及肠道细菌在这一过程中所起的作用。

由医学博士Stanley Hazen领导的这项研究建立在先前的研究基础上,该研究表明氧化三甲胺(TMAO,一种肠道细菌在消化过程中产生的副产物)可以导致血管疾病的发生,包括心脏病发作和中风。TMAO是在肠道细菌消化胆碱、卵磷脂和肉碱,以及红肉和肝脏等动物产品中丰富的营养物时产生的。

12月10日发表在《European Heart Journal(欧洲心脏期刊)》上的一项关于饮食干预的新研究发现,与白肉或非肉类蛋白质来源的饮食相比,以红肉作为蛋白质主要来源的饮食会显着升高循环中TMAO的水平。该研究还表明,长期摄入红肉会使肠道细菌产生TMAO的能力增强,并降低肾脏排出TMAO的效率。红肉既会增强TMAO的产生又会降低TMAO的排出,因此诱导体内的TMAO水平上升,而这与动脉粥样硬化和心脏病并发症相关。

根据先前由Hazen博士及其研究团队发起,随后在世界各地进行复制的研究,血液中高水平的TMAO已被证明是预测未来心脏病发作、中风和死亡风险的有力工具。现在,TMAO测试已经被用于临床。这项研究招募了113名参与者,他们依次(随机顺序)被提供完整的膳食计划,分别以红肉、白肉和非肉类(主要是素食)作为主要蛋白质来源。这些饮食占到每日总热量摄入的25%。所有的参与者在两次饮食计划之间都进行“洗净”饮食。经过一个月的红肉饮食过程,绝大多数参与者血液和尿液中的TMAO水平都有所升高。平均而言,与白肉或非肉类饮食相比,红肉饮食期间血液中的TMAO水平增加了大约3倍,有的参与者的TMAO水平甚至上升了10倍。尿液中的TMAO水平也出现了上升。然而,在他们停止红肉饮食后,血液和尿液中的TMAO水平在随后的一个月中下降。

该研究还取得了一项意外的发现,即参与者长期的饮食选择会通过改变肾脏排出TMAO的有效性来影响肾功能。例如,当红肉饮食减少TMAO排出时,却增加了肉碱和其他肉碱衍生代谢物的排泄效率。

Hazen博士说:“据我们所知, 这是首次有研究表明肾脏能根据个体的饮食(盐和水除外)改变排出不同化合物的效率。我们知道生活方式因素对血管健康至关重要,这些发现建立在我们之前关于TMAO与心脏疾病联系的研究之上。它们提供了进一步的证据,说明饮食干预如何成为降低TMAO水平和降低随后心脏病风险的有效治疗策略。”

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    2018-12-28 一个字-牛

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-12-14 zhaojie88
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    2018-12-14 slcumt
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    2018-12-12 topnew

    红肉机制怎么绕那么大圈?

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