Genome Med:能量工厂线粒体DNA在结直肠腺癌中是如何跑路的?

2017-04-19 MedSci MedSci原创

结直肠腺癌的特征是线粒体DNA(mtDNA)拷贝数异常和基因组不稳定,但是线粒体和核基因组之间的分子相互作用仍然未知。

近日,国际杂志Genome Med上在线发表一项关于线粒体在结直肠腺癌的研究,阐述了线粒体DNAmtDNA)向基因组迁移的机制及其在肿瘤发生学中的应用潜力。

结直肠腺癌的特征是线粒体DNAmtDNA)拷贝数异常和基因组不稳定,但是线粒体和核基因组之间的分子相互作用仍然未知。

通过对57结肠癌患者的基因组进行基因分析,研究人员发现患者体细胞核内的平均线粒体DNA数量比健康人高4.42倍。女性结肠癌患者基因组中线粒体DNA平均拷贝数明显高于男性患者。预示着线粒体DNA的增加或导致较低的存活率。体细胞线粒体DNA插入似乎与基因组内片段的富集相关,研究人员绘制了一幅线粒体基因组向细胞核基因组内迁移的生物多样性热点(hotspots)图,试图寻找线粒体DNA迁移的分子切入点。研究人员发现,在57个结肠癌基因组中,16%的基因组DNA出现YME1L1基因突变。通过分析来自癌症基因组地图数据库(Cancer Genome Atlas database)的大量数据,发现结肠癌患者以及其他癌症患者基因组中的YME1L1突变异常增多。研究人员还使用人类细胞系作为研究模型,敲除了YME1L1基因,结果导致细胞核提取液中线粒体DNA明显增多。这一报道首次证实了人类YME1L1能够抑制线粒体DNA插入细胞核,YME1L1的活性丧失加速了线粒体DNA向细胞核内迁移。

研究表明结直肠肿瘤中mtDNA的体细胞转移增加。此外,研究还揭示了NUMT发生频率在性别中的差异,血液中NUMT反映肿瘤中NUMT,这表明可能将NUMT作为肿瘤发生的生物标志物。研究人员将YME1L1鉴定为人类的第一个NUMT抑制基因,并证明YME1L1的失活诱导mtDNA向核基因组的迁移。研究表明,迁移到核基因组中的线粒体DNA可能对癌症的发展起重要作用。

原始出处:

Vinodh Srinivasainagendra, Michael W. Sandel, Bhupendra Singh. Migration of mitochondrial DNA in the nuclear genome of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Genome Med. 2017; 9: 31.

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    2017-04-22 Jianghuiqin

    学习了!

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