Oncotarget:免疫细胞的“背叛”极大增加了我们的患癌风险!

2017-09-22 佚名 Medicalxpress

儿童医院洛杉矶儿童癌症和血液病儿童研究中心的调查人员已经确定了关于免疫细胞(称为肿瘤相关巨噬细胞)的新发现,其促进癌症而不是抗击它。他们已经确定了分子途径,称为STAT3,作为免疫细胞用于促进神经母细胞瘤(小儿癌症)的机制,并且已经证明使用临床上可用的药物鲁木菌素来阻断该途径。研究结果于9月20日刊登在Oncotarget杂志上。

儿童医院洛杉矶儿童癌症和血液病儿童研究中心的调查人员已经确定了关于免疫细胞(称为肿瘤相关巨噬细胞)的新发现,其促进癌症而不是抗击它。他们已经确定了分子途径,称为STAT3,作为免疫细胞用于促进神经母细胞瘤(小儿癌症)的机制,并且已经证明使用临床上可用的药物鲁木菌素来阻断该途径。研究结果于9月20日刊登在Oncotarget杂志上。

神经母细胞瘤是影响儿童的第二大常见实体瘤。具有高风险疾病的个体死亡率约为50%。某些病症与高风险疾病有关。涉及炎症的一些化学物质和称为肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(TAM)的免疫细胞存在的高水平与高危疾病和较低的存活率相关。巨噬细胞是一种免疫细胞,通常起到防治疾病的作用,而不是促进疾病。

研究所的基础和转化神经母细胞瘤计划主任Shahab Asgharzadeh博士说:“巨噬细胞基本上被肿瘤细胞所选择,以帮助其生长。” “我们正在尝试更多地了解使TAMs能够帮助癌症发展的机制,以便我们能够瞄准其使用的途径并阻止其前体肿瘤的作用。

该小组希望了解有关神经母细胞瘤儿童的有效治疗方法是否可以基于靶向肿瘤周围区域的炎症相关生物学途径,称为肿瘤微环境。研究小组利用小鼠模型检测肿瘤微环境中TAM的活性,观察了TAMs的“募集和极化”,提高了神经母细胞瘤的传播和生长能力。他们发现TAMs具有双重作用,不仅能滋养神经母细胞瘤,而且有效地帮助他们逃避寻求杀死肿瘤细胞的“良好的免疫细胞”。

为了研究TAM对神经母细胞瘤细胞生长和增殖的影响,研究人员共同培养小鼠和人神经母细胞瘤细胞与TAMs,并发现与没有TAM的肿瘤细胞相比显着增加。

为了找出导致肿瘤细胞刺激的TAM分泌物,研究人员针对已知可引起某些类型癌症扩散的免疫物质IL-6。使用缺乏IL-6的小鼠模型,他们仍然观察到增加的肿瘤生长。在这些实验中,他们注意到STAT3细胞信号传导通路的激活 - 已知在MYC增加之前促进肿瘤生长 - 这是驱动许多类型癌症的基因。

这些发现导致他们针对STAT3途径。研究者使用临床上可用的药物 - 已知阻断STAT3途径的鲁索替尼,研究人员共同培养人和小鼠TAM和成神经细胞瘤细胞。他们观察到免疫细胞不再支持肿瘤生长。

Asgharzadeh说,“靶向STAT3可能是阻止肿瘤细胞和”叛逆“免疫细胞之间相互作用的有希望的方法,也是改善高危神经母细胞瘤患儿结局的方法。”Asgharzadeh也是南加州大学医学院儿科教授。

根据Asgharzadeh,下一步是将阻断STAT3途径的药物与已经有效治疗神经母细胞瘤的药物联合起来。

原始出处:
Michael D. Hadjidaniel, Sakunthala Muthugounder, Long T. Hung, et al, Tumor-associated macrophages promote neuroblastoma via STAT3 phosphorylation and up-regulation of c-MYC, Oncotarget (2017). DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21066

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    2018-06-18 仁医06
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    2017-10-03 sjq027
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    2017-09-24 lq0307
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    2017-09-22 大爰

    学习了谢谢分享!!

    0

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    2017-09-22 1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称)

    学习了.谢谢分享.

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