Nat Neurosc:斯坦福大学团队揭示青少年期睡眠重塑社交行为的机制,睡眠可能影响自闭症

2022-05-28 周科 “神经周K”公众号

2022年5月26日斯坦福大学医学院Luis de Lecea研究团队揭示腹侧被盖区(VTA)多巴胺能神经元介导青少年期睡眠塑造社交新奇偏好行为。边文杰博士为本文的第一作者与共同通讯作者。

婴幼儿时期到青少年期、成年期睡眠时间逐渐减少的。发育期睡眠中存在更多的促进认知功能的慢波和睡眠涟漪等脑电活动。在自闭症,精神分裂症和其他的神经发育性疾病青少年患者存在入睡困难,睡眠时间短,睡眠碎片化等睡眠障碍。

2022年5月26日斯坦福大学医学院Luis de Lecea研究团队揭示腹侧被盖区(VTA)多巴胺能神经元介导青少年期睡眠塑造社交新奇偏好行为。边文杰博士为本文的第一作者与共同通讯作者。

图1:三箱社交行为学流程

研究人员在三箱社交行为实验第一阶段测试社交能力:与接触空金属框相比,受试小鼠更喜欢与陌生小鼠接触;第二阶段测试社交新奇偏好,与接触熟悉小鼠相比,受试小鼠更喜欢与陌生小鼠进行社交。结果发现在青少年期至成年期的发育过程中,小鼠的社交能力和社交新奇偏好逐步增强并趋于稳定。

对青少年期(4周龄到6周龄)小鼠进行睡眠剥夺后,这些小鼠在成年期的社交能力正常,但其社交新奇偏好行为减弱,这种损害可持续存在一段时间。对成年期小鼠进行睡眠剥夺后并不会引起其社交能力和社交新奇偏好性障碍。

图2:光纤钙成像记录社交活动中VTA多巴胺钙离子变化

光纤钙成像技术发现青少年期经历睡眠剥夺的小鼠VTA区域多巴胺能神经元总体电活动水平与正常小鼠并没有差异。正常小鼠VTA多巴胺神经元在第一阶段与陌生小鼠接触后活性明显增加,随着接触次数的增多,活性逐渐降低。

在第二阶段与陌生小鼠的接触同样出现上述神经元活性变化,但与熟悉小鼠接触并没有这种神经元活性增强的变化。然而青少年期睡眠剥夺后并不会出现上述社交新奇相关的VTA-DA神经元活性变化模式。

已有研究表明VTA多巴胺神经元投射到与社交行为密切相关的NAc(伏隔核)和mPFC(内侧前额叶皮层)。通过多巴胺荧光探针发现正常小鼠与陌生小鼠接触后NAc区域多巴胺释放呈现出类似的随新奇性下降而减弱的反应模式,而青少年期睡眠剥夺小鼠的NAc区域则不具备这样新奇性依赖的多巴胺释放模式。

通过病毒示踪实验发现与正常小鼠相比,青少年期睡眠剥夺小鼠NAc区域神经元接受更多的VTA多巴胺能输入,mPFC区域锥体神经元接受VTA多巴胺能输入减少。

研究人员通过化学遗传学技术慢性抑制青少年期睡眠剥夺小鼠VTA多巴胺神经元活性后,成年期小鼠的社交新奇偏好行为表现回归正常。在青少年期慢性激活VTA多巴胺神经元活性后能够引起成年期小鼠的社交新奇偏好行为障碍,表明青少年期VTA多巴胺神经元活性对于维持社交新奇偏好行为是至关重要的。

自闭症模型InsG3680敲入小鼠表现为社交新奇偏好障碍,青少年期睡眠呈觉醒时间增多,非快速眼动睡眠时间减少的特点,VTA多巴胺神经元投射到NAc的输入增多。InsG3680敲入小鼠在青少年期接受止痛药氟吡啶(flupirtine)治疗后,非快速眼动睡眠时间增加,觉醒时间减少,可明显促进成年期社交新奇偏好行为。

通过光遗传学技术在青少年期增加PFC区域慢波电活动或通过抑制VTA多巴胺神经元活性后,可明显InsG3680敲入小鼠改善社交新奇偏好障碍。这就表明青少年期通过改善睡眠或抑制VTA多巴胺神经元活性可改善自闭症模型小鼠的社交行为障碍。

总的来说,本文揭示了青少年期睡眠剥夺后VTA多巴胺神经元活性增强后引起社交新奇偏好行为障碍,阐述了睡眠和多巴胺神经元在发育中对社交行为具有关键性的塑造作用。

原始出处:

Bian, WJ., Brewer, C.L., Kauer, J.A. et al. Adolescent sleep shapes social novelty preference in mice. Nat Neurosci (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-022-01076-8.

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    2022-07-16 ms5000000464171069

    我女儿出生以来从来没有好好睡过觉,可是除了用药物,还有什么方法

    0

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    2023-02-01 liye789132251
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    2022-05-29 lsndxfj
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    2022-05-29 xiongke014
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    2022-05-29 fengyi818
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    2022-05-28 清风徐来2022

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