Oxid Med Cell Longev:妊娠晚期服用益生菌可以降低婴儿特应性皮炎的风险

2022-07-09 医路坦克 MedSci原创

特应性皮炎(AD)是儿童最常见的皮肤病之一。虽然有研究探讨了益生菌对AD的影响,但很少有全面的分析。因此,我们进行了这项研究,以全面分析益生菌对AD的影响。

特应性皮炎(AD)是儿童最常见的皮肤病之一。它可以分为不同的阶段:婴儿时期,童年时期,和青年时期。大约60%的AD患者在1岁前发病,85%的患者在5岁前发病。将近四分之一患有这种疾病的儿童可以延迟到青年期。在过去的几十年里,这种疾病在世界范围内的发病率显著增加,现在在婴儿和儿童中占10-20%。

AD与遗传过敏性素质有关,常伴有过敏性鼻炎和哮喘,三者为过敏性进展,而特应性皮炎常为首发症状。AD患者还具有以下特点:易对异种蛋白过敏,血清免疫球蛋白E (IgE)升高,血中嗜酸性粒细胞增多。目前的主要治疗方法包括外用糖皮质激素、抗组胺药,甚至抗生素,而长期使用药物会导致副作用。此外,AD症状可能在停止治疗后迅速复发。因此,面对反复发作的AD,需要预防方法。此外,AD和益生菌之间的联系已经研究了好几年;然而,研究之间的结果是有争议的。先前的研究表明,胃肠道菌群在婴儿特应性皮炎中起着重要作用。研究表明,AD患者肠道中双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌的含量减少,而梭菌的含量增加。这些证据表明,益生菌对AD的预防和治疗可能有积极的作用。

虽然有研究探讨了益生菌对AD的影响,但很少有全面的分析。因此,我们进行了这项研究,以全面分析益生菌对AD的影响。

方法PubMed、Web of Science、Embase和中国国家知识基础设施检索益生菌和特应性皮炎之间的关联,随机对照试验(RCT)至2021年11月20日。根据异质性,使用随机或固定效应模型汇集效应大小。Stata 12.0用于荟萃分析、敏感性分析和偏倚分析。

结果在筛选文章的最后,从8个试验中提取了2575名婴儿,最终符合资格标准。与安慰剂相比,益生菌显著降低了儿童特应性皮炎的发病率(RR = 0:86,95% CI = 0:78 -0.95)。然而,在预防IgE相关婴儿AD (RR = 0:98,95% CI = 0:79-1.22)或敏感体质(RR = 0:93,95% CI = 0:81-1.08)的发展方面,益生菌并没有表现出优于安慰剂的益处。从敏感性和发表偏倚的结果来看,我们发现这些结果是稳健的,几乎没有发表偏倚。

表1:合格研究的特征

图2:益生菌和AD之间的联系。

图3:益生菌和相关AD之间的关系。

图4:益生菌与敏感体质的关联。

结论在妊娠晚期,服用益生菌的妇女可以降低婴儿特应性皮炎的风险,但对IgE相关的婴儿AD或敏感体质无效。需要进一步的研究来证实这一结果。

文献来源: Pan H,  Su J,Association of Probiotics with Atopic Dermatitis among Infant: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022;2022

 

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    2023-04-05 维他命
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    2022-07-22 ms1000001760263343

    益生菌

    0

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