Blood:红细胞微泡激活接触系统激活凝血因子IX的两条途径

2020-02-05 不详 MedSci原创

储存损伤诱导的红细胞衍生微泡(RBC-MVs)通过支持凝血酶原复合物的组装来促进凝血。也有报道称RBC-MVs通过固有途径启动凝血。为了阐明RBC-MVs诱导的凝血激活机制,研究人员在缓冲系统中评估了储存损伤诱导的RBC-MVs激活内源性凝血途径中的每个酶原的能力。与此同时,还采用凝血酶生成(TG)试验评估了它们在血浆中启动凝血的能力。RBC-MVs直接激活凝血因子XII(FXII)或前激肽释放酶

储存损伤诱导的红细胞衍生微泡(RBC-MVs)通过支持凝血酶原复合物的组装来促进凝血。也有报道称RBC-MVs通过固有途径启动凝血。为了阐明RBC-MVs诱导的凝血激活机制,研究人员在缓冲系统中评估了储存损伤诱导的RBC-MVs激活内源性凝血途径中的每个酶原的能力。与此同时,还采用凝血酶生成(TG)试验评估了它们在血浆中启动凝血的能力。

RBC-MVs直接激活凝血因子XII(FXII)或前激肽释放酶,但不激活FXI或FIX。RBC-MVs可在正常混合血浆和FXII缺陷或FXI缺陷的血浆中激活TG,但在FIX缺陷的血浆中不能激活TG,提示替代通路绕过了FXII和FXI。

有趣的是,RBC-MVs以前激肽释放酶依赖性方式生成FIXa。相似的是,纯化的激肽释放酶可在缓冲液中激活FIX,在正常混合血浆和FXII或FXI缺陷的血浆中启动TG,但不能在FIX缺陷血浆中启动TG。

在正常混合血浆中,通过玉米胰蛋白酶抑制剂和大豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂双重抑制FXIIa和激肽释放酶需要消除RBC-MVs诱导的TG,而仅抑制激肽释放酶(大豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂)就足以消除FXII缺陷或FXI缺陷血浆中的TG。

将RBC-MVs加热至60℃,维持15分钟或用胰蛋白酶预处理可消除TG,表明微囊泡相关蛋白(s)的存在是接触激活所必需的。

综上所述,RBC-MVs同时激活FXII和前激肽释放酶,通过两条独立的途径激活FIX,即经典的FXIIa-FXI-FIX途径和激肽释放酶直接激活途径。

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