八张表格,带你弄清楚抗肿瘤药物的分类

2022-04-26 网络 网络

超全抗肿瘤药物分类,赶紧收藏!

目前抗肿瘤药物按其药物来源和作用机制分类,对掌握药物的特性、设计联合用药方案都具有实际意义。为方便读者系统而全面的掌握抗肿瘤药物的分类,本文以表格形式呈现。

 

一、细胞毒药物

 

近年细胞毒药物进展有限,依旧按照其作用机制,大致分为作用于DNA结构、影响核酸合成、核酸转录、DNA复制、影响有丝分裂及其他类进行分类。

 

 

二、小分子靶向药

 

目前常用靶向药物包括抗EGFR、ALK、MET等抑制剂,以及多靶点的多激酶抑制剂。

 

 

 

三、抗体类

 

单克隆抗体是针对某一特定抗原表位的抗体,同样具有靶向作用。经典药物包括抗CD20的利妥昔单抗,抗HER2的曲妥珠单抗等,这些已经成为临床中的常用药物。而免疫检查点抑制剂由于作用机制独特,特将其单独列出。

 

 

 

四、免疫检查点抑制剂

 

肿瘤免疫治疗中,免疫检查点抑制剂研究最为深入和广泛,是继靶向治疗后,第二次变革了肿瘤治疗格局。除了常见的PD-1、PD-L1、CTLA-4抑制外,双抗类药物的研究也在进行中。

 

 

 

五、激素类

 

激素类药物是乳腺癌、前列腺癌等受性激素影响肿瘤的常见治疗组成部分。现将常用激素药物总结于下表。

 

 

六、抗体偶联药物

 

抗体偶联药物(Antibody-Drug Conjugate, ADC)是目前药物研究的另一热点。ADC是通过连接体将细胞毒药物偶联至单克隆抗体上,利用抗原抗体特异性结合的特点,可将细胞毒药物特异性传送至肿瘤内而发挥杀伤作用。目前已经有多款ADC上市。此外,针对Trop2、CD79等靶点的药物也在临床试验中。

 

 

七、其他

 

另外,将生物反应调节剂、分化诱导剂、肿瘤疫苗等难以归类的药物列入其他类。

 

 

八、辅助药物

 

肿瘤辅助药物也是抗肿瘤治疗的重要组成部分,有助于降低抗肿瘤治疗的不良事件,缓解患者症状。

 

来源:一嘉课堂

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    2022-04-27 逝落心焱

    学习!

    0

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    2022-04-27 仇敏瑜

    受教了。

    0

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    2022-04-27 jing0309

    感谢分享

    0

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