2019 ESMO:专注胃癌发病机制基础研究,为胃癌治疗提供新思路

2019-10-10 佚名 肿瘤资讯

2019欧洲肿瘤内科学会(ESMO)年会在西班牙巴塞罗那盛大召开。山东大学齐鲁医院的刘联教授在大会上做了“m6A甲基转移酶METTL3通过促进初始microRNA成熟促进胃癌进展”的口头报告(1981O)。就该研究内容做了进一步讲解,刘教授认为,要想更好地治疗胃癌,做好基础研究必不可少。

2019欧洲肿瘤内科学会(ESMO)年会在西班牙巴塞罗那盛大召开。山东大学齐鲁医院的刘联教授在大会上做了“m6A甲基转移酶METTL3通过促进初始microRNA成熟促进癌进展”的口头报告(1981O)。就该研究内容做了进一步讲解,刘教授认为,要想更好地治疗癌,做好基础研究必不可少。

研究设计、结果及临床意义

中国是胃癌大国,发病率占世界胃癌的近1/3,但胃癌治疗效果特别差,包括化疗、放疗、靶向治疗以及免疫治疗的大部分研究都在胃癌遭遇了滑铁卢,2019年6月份召开的ASCO会议上报道的KEYNOTE-062研究也未能证明化疗联合免疫治疗可使胃癌患者有更多生存获益。造成这种现象的原因之一就是胃癌发病机制非常复杂、异质性很强,缺少像EGFR、ALK这样重要的驱动基因,唯一成功的靶向治疗研究的靶点HER-2的扩增率也不足15%,药物应用非常有限。因此我们这项研究着眼于胃癌的表观遗传学发病机制,也就是转录后调控机制的研究。结果发现,METTL3甲基化酶能够调节初始microRNA 的甲基化,促进初始microRNA成熟并作用于其下游的相关作用位点,从而促进胃癌进展;研究同时还给出了针对这个促进胃癌转移和发病的通路的干预措施。这项研究不但在机制研究上相对完整,而且提供了可能的临床干预手段,发现对METTL3高表达胃癌应用依维莫司治疗有可能给患者带来很好的疗效以及生存获益。正如会议主席所说,这项针对胃癌表观遗传学发病机制的基础研究具有重要意义,是一项开创性的研究,为发现更好的攻克胃癌的策略方法提供了很好的思路。

胃癌治疗的发展方向

中国的肿瘤医生以及肿瘤基础科学家都在为胃癌诊断与治疗进行着不懈的努力,虽然也有很多重要发现,但胃癌总体治疗疗效仍不够满意,因此中国的肿瘤学者有着义不容辞的攻克难题的责任,所有人都要做出自己的努力。对于胃癌来讲,已有治疗,如手术治疗、化疗、放疗、靶向治疗以及免疫治疗都在蓬勃发展,尽管不太顺利,但是都在不断进步。正如2019 ESMO大会的主题“Translating science into better cancer patient care”所言,只有基础科学研究的突破,才能推动临床医学的发展,最后真正给患者带来获益;而胃癌的表观遗传学研究有可能给胃癌治疗带来新思路。而且在后续研究中,我们还发现METTL3促进甲基化可能与肿瘤局部的免疫抑制性微环境密切相关,因此未来可以把表观遗传学作用机制和现在很多治疗结合起来做进一步探索,希望给胃癌治疗真正带来突破性的进展。

刘联,主任医师 博士研究生导师 免疫学博士后 肿瘤学博士,山东大学齐鲁医院肿瘤内科,山东免疫学会肿瘤分子标志物与靶向治疗专委会主任委员,中国临床肿瘤学会 (CSCO) 免疫治疗专家委员会委员,中国临床肿瘤学会 (CSCO) 甲状腺癌专家委员会委员,中国临床肿瘤学会 (CSCO) 肿瘤营养治疗专家委员会委员,中国抗癌协会胃癌专业委员会(CGCA)内科学组委员,中国医师协会肿瘤分会青年委员会委员,山东免疫学会理事,山东省医学会姑息医学分会青委会副主委,山东抗癌协会化疗分会委员兼青委会常委,山东疼痛医学会肿瘤整合医学专委会副主委,山东医师协会肿瘤精准医疗分会、肿瘤MDT专委会常委,国家食药监局新药审评中心数据核查员,教育部学位中心全国博硕士毕业论文评议专家,山东省科技专家库基金评审专家,山东省科学技术奖评审专家库成员《Cancer cell research》,《精准医学》,《国际肿瘤学》等杂志编委。

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    2020-02-03 liuhuangbo
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    2019-10-21 晓辰
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    2019-10-12 zhang92560

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虽然近年来PD-1/PD-L1单抗免疫治疗在众多瘤种中看到了很好的疗效,但是免疫治疗在胃癌中的进展一直不尽人意。化疗和靶向治疗仍是晚期胃癌治疗的基石,人们在苦苦寻找免疫治疗突破的同时,也一直在追寻进一步提高化疗疗效的方法。在刚刚结束的ESMO大会上,来自福建省肿瘤医院的林榕波教授团队报道了四药方案治疗晚期胃癌的Ⅰ期临床研究结果。

Nat Med:“1/3癌症患者是被吓死的”,精神压力大竟然导致癌症治疗失败?

癌症是一种高度异质性的疾病。由于恶性肿瘤细胞以及肿瘤微环境的独特性,不同癌症患者的疾病状态并不相同。可以说,“***千面”是癌症难以治疗的重要原因之一。人们付出了大量的时间与精力,致力于发现内在固有的本质,实现癌症治愈。

K药治疗中国食管癌生存率翻倍 无论PD-L1表达 ——解读KEYNOTE-181中国亚组分析结果

晚期食管癌现有标准治疗方案主要是化疗,但化疗的有效率低,效果不尽如人意。KEYNOTE-181作为全球第一个在食管癌治疗中头对头对比免疫治疗与标准化疗的大型Ⅲ期随机对照研究,成功打破了近 50 年食管癌治疗的僵局,证明了PD-1免疫检查点抑制剂帕博利珠单抗(可瑞达,国内俗称K药)单药相比于化疗在复发局部晚期和转移性食管癌治疗中的优效性。美国FDA基于KEYNOTE-181研究结果于今年7月31日批

2019 CSCO:国内白血病·淋巴瘤专场:聚焦淋巴瘤治疗前沿,BTK抑制剂在B细胞淋巴瘤中应用前景广阔

第22届全国临床肿瘤学会(CSCO)年会在厦门市隆重举行。作为中国肿瘤学领域的顶级学术盛宴,本届CSCO可谓汇聚了众多国内肿瘤学专家和学者,探讨了各类肿瘤的诊疗进展。「国内白血病·淋巴瘤专场」作为血液肿瘤的分会场之一也聚集诸位血液肿瘤领域大咖,分享了诸多精彩内容。特将该专场的主要内容概括如下,以供参考。

2019 ESMO |TKI治疗论坛:中外大咖台论道,引领肠癌、肝癌治疗新理念

2019欧洲肿瘤内科学会(ESMO)年会在西班牙巴塞罗那盛大召开。 “ESMO 2019TKI治疗论坛-中国专家研讨会”,就转移性结直肠癌(mCRC)和不可切除肝细胞癌(uHCC)各1份病例进行了热烈讨论。会议主席由来自比利时鲁汶大学的Eric Van Cutsem教授担任,参加mCRC病例讨论的有美国南加州大学诺里斯综合癌症中心的Heinz-Josef Lenz教授、北京大学肿瘤医院的沈琳教授和

纳武利尤单抗获批成为中国治疗头颈部鳞癌的免疫肿瘤药物

近日,PD-1抑制剂纳武利尤单抗(nivolumab,欧狄沃)已正式获得中国国家药品监督管理局(NMPA)批准扩大适应证,适用于治疗接受含铂类方案治疗期间或之后出现疾病进展且肿瘤PD-L1表达阳性(表达PD-L1的肿瘤细胞≥1%)的复发性或转移性头颈部鳞癌(SCCHN)患者。