研究人员解开了APOE4基因,这是阿尔茨海默病重要的遗传风险因素

2022-08-03 brainnew神内神外 网络

这项研究是关于 APOE4 基因使用阿尔茨海默病患者样本,但也知道 APOE4 是帕金森病(PD)的风险。

阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是一种进行性神经退行性疾病,也是失智症的最常见原因,在美国影响超过 580 万人。对于 65 岁以上的人来说,其中最著名的是 APOE ε4 等位基因。尽管 APOE4 与 AD 风险增加之间的关联已经确立,但导致人类脑细胞类型潜在风险的机制直到现在还不清楚。

波士顿大学医学院6月23日消息

波士顿大学医学院 (Boston University School of Medicine BUSM) 的研究人员发现了该基因的两个重要的新方面:

1)  APOE4  遗传的人类遗传背景是 APOE4 患者独有的

2)由 APOE4 引起的机制性缺陷是人体细胞所独有的

这些发现近日在线发表在《细胞》(Cell)杂志上。

研究于2022年6月23日发表在《Cell》(最新影响因子:41.582)杂志上

“我们的研究通过比较人类和小鼠模型,证明了 APOE4 基因的作用,以及人类哪些脑细胞受影响最大。这些是重要的发现,因为如果我们了解这种风险基因是如何以及在哪里破坏我们的大脑,我们就可以找到治疗方法,”通信作者 Julia TCW 博士说,她是 BUSM 的药理学和实验治疗学助理教授。

为了研究 APOE4 对脑细胞类型的影响,研究人员使用了三个模型:人类诱导多能干细胞(hiPSCs)、死后人脑和实验模型。他们采用人群 hiPSC 模型,比较 AD 患者和正常人的 APOE4(突变)和 APOE3(无突变)。在第二个模型中,他们将 AD 大脑与不同 APOE 基因型的对照组大脑进行了比较。对于第三个模型,他们使用了携带人类 APOE 基因的实验模型。他们通过基因筛选和 RNA 测序来确定  APOE4导致的人类细胞类型特异性缺陷。

“我们的研究支持 APOE 区域周围的遗传背景可以修改 APOE4 的风险影响。因此,除了寻找降低 APOE4 风险的药物外,调节靶点来模拟携带保护性基因或遗传背景的大脑,可以是降低 AD 发病风险的另一种策略,” TCW 补充说。

虽然这项研究是关于 APOE4 基因使用阿尔茨海默病患者样本,但也知道 APOE4 是帕金森病(PD)的风险。TCW 认为,这项研究对任何与 APOE 相关的疾病,如 AD 和 PD 的风险,或任何发现与 APOE4 类似的疾病表型,如罕见的遗传疾病都有意义。

参考文献

Source:Boston University School of Medicine

Researchers untangle the APOE4 gene, the most significant genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease

Reference:

Julia TCW, Lu Qian, Nina H. Pipalia, Michael J. Chao, Shuang A. Liang, Yang Shi, Bharat R. Jain, Sarah E. Bertelsen, Manav Kapoor, Edoardo Marcora, Elizabeth Sikora, Elizabeth J. Andrews, Alessandra C. Martini, Celeste M. Karch, Elizabeth Head, David M. Holtzman, Bin Zhang, Minghui Wang, Frederick R. Maxfield, Wayne W. Poon, Alison M. Goate. Cholesterol and matrisome pathways dysregulated in astrocytes and microglia. Cell, 2022; 185 (13): 2213 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.05.017

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来源:brainnew神内神外

 

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    2022-08-03 ms8000001884414866

    有趣

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    2022-07-10 bnjfy
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    2022-07-10 xiongke016

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