JAMA Psychiatry:认知行为疗法显著改善失眠症患者发生抑郁及抑郁复发风险!

2022-01-07 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

患有失眠症的老年人有发生抑郁症及抑郁复发的高风险。

患有失眠症的老年人有发生抑郁症及抑郁复发的高风险。因此需要在老年人中额外关注如何预防抑郁症。为了研究用失眠症认知行为疗法(CBT-I)治疗失眠症,与积极的比较条件--睡眠教育疗法(SET)相比,是否能预防老年人的严重抑郁症。来自加州大学洛杉矶分校David Geffen医学院神经科学专家开展了相关研究,结果发表在JAMA Psychiatry杂志上。

这项评估员盲法、平行组、单点随机临床试验评估了431人的社区样本,并招募了291名60岁或以上患有失眠症的成年人,他们在过去一年中没有重大抑郁症或重大健康事件。研究招募从2012年7月1日至2015年4月30日进行。试验方案经过修改,将随访时间从24个月延长至36个月,随访工作于2018年7月完成。

参与者被随机分配到2个月的CBT-I(n = 156)或SET(n = 135)。主要结果是通过访谈和《精神疾病诊断统计手册》(第五版)DSM-V标准诊断出的发生重度抑郁症的时间。次要结果是抑郁症事件发生前失眠症的持续缓解或随访时间。

结果显示,在291名随机参与者中(平均[SD]年龄,70.1[6.7]岁;168[57.7%]名女性;7[2.4%]名亚裔,32[11.0%]名黑人,3[1.0%]名太平洋岛民,241[82.8%]名白人,6[2.1%]名多种族,2[0.7%]名未知),156人被随机分配到CBT-I,135人分配到SET。共有140人(89.7%)完成了CBT-I,130人(96.3%)完成了SET(χ2=4.9,P=0.03),其中CBT-I组有114人(73.1%)完成了24个月的随访,SET组有117人(86.7%)(χ2=8.4,P=0.004)。

总的来说,CBT-I组的19名参与者(12.2%)和SET组的35名参与者(25.9%)发生了偶发或复发的重度抑郁症,其中CBT-I组风险降低49%(HR=0.51;95%,CI 0.29-0.88;P = .02)与各亚组一致。与SET参与者(26[19.3%])相比,CBT-I参与者(41[26.3%])在抑郁症事件前或随访期间持续的失眠障碍缓解的可能性更大(P = .03)。与失眠症持续缓解的SET组相比,CBT-I组中失眠症持续缓解的人患抑郁症的可能性降低了82.6%(HR=0.17;95%,CI 0.04-0.73;P=0.02)。

这项随机临床试验的结果表明,用CBT-I治疗失眠症对预防患有失眠症的老年人发生和复发重度抑郁症有整体益处。在社区范围内对老年人的失眠问题进行筛查,并广泛提供基于CBT-I的失眠治疗,可以大大推进公共卫生工作,以治疗失眠和预防这一脆弱的老年人口中的抑郁症。

 

参考文献:

Prevention of Incident and Recurrent Major Depression in Older Adults With Insomnia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2022;79(1):33–41. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.3422

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    2022-01-07 yangchou

    好文章,谢谢分享。

    0

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关于失眠的治疗,由于病因与病理机制尚未完全明确,且涉及范围复杂与广泛,难以采用简单固定的模式。因此,任何治疗都需要结合患者实际情况再制定合理的治疗方案。

European Radiology:MR可见的扩大血管周围间隙在预测慢性失眠症患者认知障碍中的应用

作为老年受试者的一种严重而复杂的情况,慢性失眠会增加心理障碍、免疫功能紊乱和神经退行性疾病的风险。

失眠患者的福音,CHMP推荐双效食欲素受体拮抗剂Quviviq

近日,欧洲人用药品委员会 (CHMP) 已推荐 Quviviq (daridorexant) 作为欧盟第一个双效食欲素受体拮抗剂,用于治疗成年失眠患者。

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