[ACC2017]LEVO-CTS:左西孟旦在心脏手术中的作用

2017-03-21 张丽佳发自华盛顿,吴献贤编译,梅文秀整理 中国医学论坛报今日循环

华盛顿时间3月19日早8点,来自第66届ACC年会上发布的一项最新临床研究——LEVO-CTS表明,心脏手术时,心衰治疗药物左西孟旦作为一种预防措施,不显著降低死亡率、心脏病发作率、肾透析率以及低心输出量综合征高危患者的机械辅助装置使用率。该研究同期发表于《新英格兰医学杂志》。

华盛顿时间3月19日早8点,来自第66届ACC年会上发布的一项最新临床研究——LEVO-CTS表明,心脏手术时,心衰治疗药物左西孟旦作为一种预防措施,不显着降低死亡率、心脏病发作率、肾透析率以及低心输出量综合征高危患者的机械辅助装置使用率。该研究同期发表于《新英格兰医学杂志》。

研究简介

此研究纳入北美70个区域共882例患者,随机分为左西孟旦静脉注射组(442例)和安慰剂组(440例),术前给药,持续24h。所有患者接受过人工心肺机的心脏手术,且具备低心输出量综合征风险增加的标志,即左室射血分数低于35%。

研究有两个主要的复合终点。第一个复合终点是30天内死亡或者透析,5天内心脏病发作或使用机械辅助装置;第二个复合终点是30内死亡,5天内使用机械辅助装置。

结果显示,左西孟旦组和安慰剂组无显着差异。心脏病发作和使用辅助装置是最常见的结局,左西孟旦组和安慰剂组发生率分别为16%和10%。死亡和透析发生率较低,两组分别为4%和3%。次级安全终点则出现差异,左西孟旦组和安慰剂组的低心输出量综合征发生率分别为18.2%和25.7%。

研究提示,与安慰剂组相比,左西孟旦组90天死亡率较低,但这不是该研究的焦点,且无统计学差异。就其他的预设安全终点而言,左西孟旦组与安慰剂组相似,这些安全终点包括:异常低血压,中风,心源性死亡后复苏,心律失常导致的心房颤动,危险性快速心脏节律导致的室性心动过速或纤维颤动。

研究者说

许多心脏外科手术,包括冠状动脉搭桥术和瓣膜置换术,都需要使用人工心肺机。手术期间心脏暂停时,人工心肺机通过保持血液氧气供应,代替心脏和肺的功能。术后心脏重新工作,约1/7的患者出现一种严重的并发症——低心输出量综合征。

左西孟旦是一种钙敏感性强心药,可增加心脏收缩力,从而在心衰或低心输出量综合征时代偿心脏的无力。尽管此药在美国尚未被批准使用,但在其它国家已被广泛用于接受心脏手术的患者,治疗心力衰竭和低心输出量综合症。研究者试图探索,是否左西孟旦不仅治疗而且预防低心输出量综合征。

该研究的主要负责人,杜克临床研究所的心脏病学家John H.Alexander 指出,“在增加心输出量和减少低心输出量综合征方面,左西孟旦具有预期的生物效应。在左西孟旦许可的国家,如果选择一种既增加心输出量且安全性好的药物,那么左西孟旦是一个理想的选择。因为其他强心药既不知名也不安全。”

Alexander博士认为:“此研究中,左西孟旦不影响重要的临床结果。接受心脏手术的患者定期预防性应用左西孟旦,是没有意义的。其他研究可能帮助我们深入了解,如何在接受心脏手术的患者中使用左西孟旦。”

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    2017-11-07 智智灵药
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    2017-03-24 cqykthl

    心衰治疗药物左西孟旦作为一种预防措施,不显著降低死亡率、心脏病发作率、肾透析率以及低心输出量综合征高危患者的机械辅助装置使用率

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    2017-03-23 docwu2019