Gastroenterology:不同年龄段体重指数与早发性结直肠癌的相关性

2021-12-20 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

腹部脂肪又分为内脏脂肪和皮下脂肪,内脏脂肪风险更高。相同BMI的亚洲人的内脏肥胖比白人更普遍,男性比女性内脏肥胖更普遍,内脏肥胖会导致结肠癌风险急剧升高。

在许多国家,年轻成年人的结直肠癌(CRC)发病率正在增加。年轻人发病率的上升趋势可能表明最近CRC的风险因素发生了变化,并可能使CRC造成的国家医疗负担的恶化。因此,最重要的是要确定早发癌症的关键可改变的风险因素。许多研究的证据表明,身体质量指数(BMI)与CRC风险呈正相关。另外,一些研究表明,早年的超重和肥胖可能与CRC的风险特别相关。然而,关于BMI和CRC风险的证据大多来自包括所有年龄段的参与者的研究,其中绝大多数是60岁以上的人。目前还不清楚不同年龄段的超重和肥胖在多大程度上和多大程度上与CRC风险有关。特别是不清楚不同年龄段(如20岁、30岁)的超重和肥胖与早发性CRC的风险有多大程度的关系。因此,本项研究旨在评估成年早期不同年龄的 BMI 与早发性 CRC 的关联。

 

在 2003 年至 2020 年中总共招募了 6602 名 CRC 患者和 7950 名匹配对照者,其中747 名患者和 621 名对照者年龄在 55 岁以下并被纳入本分析。在个人访谈中记录了所有患者在20 岁和 30 岁以及诊断或访谈前大约 10 年的自我报告的身高和体重。使用多元逻辑回归估计 BMI 与早发性 CRC 的关联。

 

研究结果显示与 BMI<25 kg/m2 的参与者相比,20 岁和 30 岁以及诊断前大约 10 年BMI≥30kg/m2(肥胖)的参与者分别有 2.56(95% CI 1.20-5.44)、2.06 (1.25-3.40) 和 1.88 (1.30-2.73) 倍的早发性 CRC 风险。BMI 与早发性 CRC 风险的关联在大多数未进行结肠镜检查的参与者中尤为明显,并且基本上仅限于这些参与者。

 

超重和肥胖作为CRC的风险因素的作用早已被证实。然而,以前的研究大多集中在所有年龄段的CRC上。鉴于早发的CRC仅占CRC病例的少数,因此,本项研究证实成年早期的肥胖与早发性 CRC 的风险增加密切相关。

原始出处:

Hengjing Li. Et al. Associations of body mass index at different ages with early-onset colorectal cancer. Gastroenterology.2021.

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    2022-05-30 许安
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