中国科学家揭示:每晚睡眠>9小时、午睡时间>90分钟均会增加中风风险

2020-01-06 T.Shen MedSci原创

睡不着才是大问题!

2019年3月,The Lancet Neurology 杂志发表的2016全球疾病负担研究报告显示[1],2016年全球有1370万人新发中风,中国占比约40%(551万人);全球有550万人因中风死亡,中国占比约1/3(179万人)。

《中国脑卒中防治报告2018》显示,目前中国的中风防治初见成效;1994-2013 年中国男性中风人口标化死亡率年下降率为2.7%,女性下降4.1%。

近日,一项刊登在国际杂志Neurology 上题为“Sleep duration, midday napping, and sleep quality and incident stroke—The Dongfeng-Tongji cohort”的研究报告中[2],来自中国华中科技大学等机构的科学家们阐明了睡眠时间、午睡和睡眠质量对人群中风风险和中风亚型风险的影响,同时研究者还对中国中老年人进行研究分析了睡眠时间的变化与人群随后中风风险之间的关联。

图片来源:Lue Zhou, et al.Neurology,December 11, 2019, doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000008739

这项研究中,研究人员共对31,750名平均年龄为62岁的中国人进行研究,在研究开始时参与者并没有中风病史或其它重大健康问题,随后研究人员对参与者进行了为期6年的随访,在此期间,有1557人患上了中风;研究结果表明,白天长时间打盹或晚上睡眠超过9个小时的人患中风的风险会增加。

相比经常午睡1-30分钟的人群而言,经常性午睡持续时间超过90分钟以上的人群患中风的风险会增加25%,而不午睡或午睡时间持续31分钟-1小时的人群或许并不太可能患中风。长时间午睡或晚上睡眠时间较长的机体中的胆固醇水平会发生不良变化,而且身体腰围也会增加,这些都是中风发生的风险因素,此外,长时间午睡和晚上睡眠时间较长也表现出一种不运动的生活方式,这与中风风险增加直接相关。

研究人员让参与者回答与其睡眠和午睡习惯相关的问题,其中有8%的人群每天午睡时间会超过90分钟,24%的人群每天晚上睡眠至少9个小时。研究者表示,与每晚睡眠时间7-8个小时的参与者相比,每晚睡眠超过9个小时(含9个小时)的参与者的中风风险会增加(风险比[HR]为1.23,95%的置信区间[CI]:1.07-1.41);每晚睡眠不足6小时对参与者中风风险并无影响。而午睡时间超过90分钟与1-30分钟相比,总的中风风险的风险比为1.25,95%置信区间:1.03-1.53。

研究者表示,这与缺血性中风的研究结果相似,相比良好睡眠质量的参与者而言,睡眠质量较差的参与者总中风风险、缺血性和出血性中风风险分别会增加29%、28%和56%;此外,研究者还观察到,每晚睡眠≥9小时和午睡>90分钟(风险比 1.85;95% CI 1.28-2.66)、每晚睡眠≥9小时和较差的睡眠质量(风险比 1.82;95% CI 1.33-2.48)对总的中风风险或会产生明显的联合效应;相比每晚持续睡眠7~9小时的参与者而言,持续睡眠至少9小时或将7-9小时睡眠模式切换到至少9小时睡眠或会增加机体总的中风风险。

在较长时间的午睡人群中,后期会有1%/人-年的人群患上中风,相比之下,中度午睡人群的比例则为0.7%/人-年;研究者指出,本文研究结果强调了适当午睡、睡眠时间和维持良好睡眠质量的重要性(包括有效预防中风等),尤其是对于中老年人群。本文研究并未阐明长时间午睡、睡眠时间和中风风险之间的因果性,其仅提示了一种相关性。

由于在中国人们午睡习惯非常普遍。研究者最后总结道,长时间的睡眠(晚上)、长时间的午休及较低的睡眠质量独立且会共同导致机体中风风险增加,持续较长时间的睡眠或从平均睡眠时间切换为长时间睡眠也会增加机体中风的风险。

笔者认为,虽然此前也有证据表明,较短或较长的睡眠时间与个体中风风险有关,这种关系呈现J型、U型或无效,目前科学界关于睡眠时间和中风风险之间的关联仍然存在较大争议。

来源:soogif


参考资料:
【1】GBD 2016 Stroke Collaborators.Global, regional, and national burden of stroke, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol. 2019 May;18(5):439-458. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30034-1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30871944
【2】Lue Zhou,Kuai Yu,Liangle Yang,et al. Sleep duration, midday napping, and sleep quality and
incident stroke-The Dongfeng-Tongji cohort, Neurology December 11, 2019,
doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000008739
https://n.neurology.org/content/early/2019/12/11/WNL.0000000000008739

来源:梅斯医学

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    2020-01-06 guging

    中风是俗称,应该称为缺血性卒中吧

    0

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