J Child Psychol Psychiat:父母的教养方式影响儿童间的欺凌行为

2016-03-08 jessie 译 MedSci原创

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较好的教养方式与较低的欺凌发生率有关。然而,在诊断为注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)或对立违抗性障碍( oppositional defiant disorder,ODD)及没有这些障碍的儿童中,教养方式是否可以影响他们的欺凌行为的变化尚不可知。
 
近期,发表在J Child Psychol Psychiatry上的一项研究调查了诊断为ADHD的儿童(包括合并ODD及未合并ODD)和没有这些障碍的对照组儿童,分析4-5岁儿童的教养方式是否会改变他们未来4年的欺凌行为。
 
方法:研究对象为来自纽约市区的儿童(n=162),本研究是前瞻性研究,跨越了学龄前至9岁间,每年一次共六个评估时间点。教养方式通过对父母和孩子的实验室观察进行评估;教师评估儿童欺凌行为,父母报告儿童的诊断状态(无ADHD和ODD、有ADHD但无ODD、有ADHD和ODD)。
 
结果:有ADHD和ODD共病的儿童比其他两组更可能欺凌别人。多层线性模型揭示5年中欺凌行为有所下降。基线欺凌行为水平与ADHD和ODD的诊断显著关联。不考虑诊断状态的话,与那些得到较少自主权支持的儿童相比,4-5岁儿童的自主权得到的父母支持越多,他们的欺负行为越少。父母的消极情绪、情感支持的教养方式和亲子互动的质量与欺负行为没有纵向关联。

结论:4-5岁儿童的自主权得到父母的支持越多,他们的欺凌行为越少。
 
启示:在进入学校时,应当鼓励父母支持孩子的自主权,这样可能会减少学龄早期的欺凌行为。

原始出处:

Rajendran K, Kruszewski E, Halperin JM. Parenting style influences bullying: a longitudinal study comparing children with and without behavioral problems. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2016 Feb;57(2):188-95. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12433.

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    2016-06-11 docwu2019
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