Cancer Discovery: 胰腺癌新靶点——NetG1

2020-11-23 医药魔方 医药魔方

腺癌被誉为“癌中之王”,具有早期难诊断、进展迅速和存活期短等特点,患者的5年生存率极低,胰腺导管腺癌(PDAC)是最常见的一种类型。

胰腺癌被誉为“癌中之王”,具有早期难诊断、进展迅速和存活期短等特点,患者的5年生存率极低,胰腺导管腺癌(PDAC)是最常见的一种类型。

胰腺癌的治疗难通常与肿瘤的纤维化有关。胰腺肿瘤会在整个胰腺中形成结缔组织,帮助癌细胞生长,抵抗药物和免疫系统的作用。这种保护性屏障由癌相关成纤维细胞(CAF)组成。 在10月30日发表于Cancer Discovery的一项研究中,来自美国Fox Chase癌症中心的研究人员发现表达轴突生长诱向因子G1(Netrin G1,NetG1)的CAF具有免疫抑制作用,能抑制NK细胞介导的肿瘤细胞杀伤作用,而且在使用NetG1抗体后,小鼠胰腺肿瘤的负担显着减小。这说明NetG1是胰腺导管腺癌的潜在治疗靶点。 来源:Cancer Discovery 在探究CAF在胰腺导管腺癌发生中的作用时,研究人员发现CAF中的NetG1发生了上调。

值得注意的是,研究人员还在癌细胞中发现了NetG1的配体NGL-1的表达,NetG1存在于突触前神经元上,NGL-1是NetG1唯一已知的突触后细胞的结合受体。 与正常的人体胰腺样本相比,NetG1在人胰腺导管腺癌组织中过度表达,而且成纤维细胞中NetG1的表达与患者生存率成反比。

CAF中NetG1高表达与患者生存率呈负相关(来源:Cancer Discovery)

在体内胰腺导管腺癌小鼠模型中,研究人员观察到敲除CAF中的NetG1和肿瘤细胞中的NGL-1都会减少小鼠的肿瘤负担,这表明两种蛋白能增强肿瘤的发生。

敲除CAF中的NetG1和癌细胞中的NGL-1显着减少小鼠的肿瘤负担(来源:Cancer Discovery)

进一步显示,CAF中NetG1的表达为胰腺癌创造了一个免疫抑制的微环境,NK细胞在这一环境中失活,保护了癌细胞免受NK细胞的杀伤作用。而CAF中NetG1表达缺失能逆转一部分CAF的免疫抑制能力,使NK细胞保持其活性并清除了癌细胞。

最后,研究人员探究了体外和体内靶向NetG1的治疗潜力。体外实验中,与IgG处理的CAF相比,经NetG1单抗处理的CAF产生的促炎细胞因子更少,IL-6、IL-8和TGF-β呈剂量依赖性降低,减弱了CAF的免疫抑制能力。

NetG1单抗抑制CAF的促肿瘤特性,降低小鼠肿瘤负荷(来源:Cancer Discovery)

在体内实验中,与IgG相比,NetG1单抗治疗后的小鼠肿瘤重量较轻,胰腺重量减少,肿瘤面积减少,坏死更严重。重要的是,NetG1单抗治疗组小鼠的肿瘤中NK细胞浸润面积更大。

总的来说,这项研究确定了NetG1是一个在胰腺癌治疗中很有希望的靶点。“我们下一步计划继续研究CAF中NetG1表达背后的生物学特性,并与业界合作设计NetG1阻断药物。希望有一天靶向NetG1的药物可以用于治疗胰腺癌患者。”论文通讯作者、Fox Chase癌症中心副教授Edna Cukierman博士总结道。

原始出处:

Ralph F. et al. Netrin G1 promotes pancreatic tumorigenesis through cancer associated fibroblast driven nutritional support and immunosuppression. Cancer Discovery (2020).

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    2021-01-22 yahu
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    2021-05-02 canlab
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    2020-11-28 zhaojie88
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    2020-11-25 lsndxfj
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    2020-11-25 yankaienglish
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    2020-11-23 行云流水AAA

    有前景

    0

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    2020-11-23 Jessica

    NetG1是一个在胰腺癌治疗中很有希望的靶点。不错,那说明以后临床上晚期胰腺癌有救了。

    0

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