Braz J Otorhinolaryngol:头颈部皮肤鳞状细胞癌和基底细胞癌的细胞动力学标志物

2022-09-09 医路坦克 MedSci原创

增殖标志物在肿瘤的生物学行为中起着重要作用。双子蛋白是一种已知的细胞周期和DNA复制的抑制剂,我们旨在研究头颈部皮肤基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌中的增殖标志物ki67、MCM2和双子蛋白。

细胞增殖在各种正常发育和病理条件如癌症中起着关键作用。在正常组织中,细胞生长和分裂以受控的细胞周期方式发生;然而,癌细胞失去了这种控制,这可能导致肿瘤细胞的无调节增殖。在过去几年中,不同的标记物用于评估癌细胞的增殖潜力。Ki67是公认的增殖标志物,对多种恶性肿瘤具有预后影响。MCM2是微染色体维持(MCMs)蛋白家族的成员,其通过控制DNA复制的许可和启动在细胞周期进展中发挥关键作用。许多研究表明,MCM2在某些癌症中表达,并提出该蛋白是细胞增殖的精确指标,比ki67.5更敏感。最近的研究表明,另一种与增殖有关的标记物双子蛋白抑制细胞周期和DNA复制。该蛋白与DNA复制起始因子Cdt1p结合,并通过干扰MCM向复制前复合物中的募集来抑制复制。最近的研究表明,双子蛋白的标记指数(LI)可用于估计不同癌症的细胞增殖率。

基底细胞癌(BCC)和鳞状细胞癌(SCC)构成非黑色素细胞性皮肤癌的两种主要形式。皮肤基底细胞癌的复发风险低于皮肤鳞状细胞癌,并且考虑到其不转移,与鳞状细胞瘤相比,这种癌症具有更好的总体预后。尽管两种癌都起源于暴露于相同风险因素(如阳光)的表皮,但它们具有不同的生物学行为。基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌最常发生在皮肤的阳光照射区域,据报道,其发病率最高的是头部和颈部。一些研究在细胞和分子水平上比较了基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌。增殖标记物如ki67和MCM2也在这些肿瘤中进行了评估,但这些标记物显示了不同的结果。许多研究报告,与SCC相比,BCC的ki67标记指数显著降低,有时显著降低。另一方面,Abdou等人证明,与SCC相比,BCC中MCM2的表达增加。

据我们所知,尚未有研究报道在皮肤基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌中双子蛋白表达。本研究的目的是研究头颈部皮肤基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌中的增殖标记物ki67、MCM2和双子蛋白。

方法:用ki67、MCM2和geminin免疫每种肿瘤40例,然后评估标记指数(LIs)。还测定了MCM2\/ki67-和双子蛋白\/ki67比值;统计分析采用t检验(p<0.05)。

结果:皮肤基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌的ki67(p=0.06)和MCM2(p=2.46)无显著性差异;然而,与皮肤基底细胞癌相比,鳞状细胞癌中的双子蛋白LI显著升高(p<0.001)。只有geminin\/ki67在两种肿瘤之间显示出显著差异,在鳞状细胞癌中该比率显示出显著更高的数量(p=0.015)。

结论:双子蛋白可能是头颈部皮肤基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌发病机制中的一个有效因素,可能是这些肿瘤生物学行为差异的原因之一。

文献来源: Alaeddini M,  Etemad-Moghadam S,Cell kinetic markers in cutaneous squamous and basal cell carcinoma of the head and neck.Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2022 Jul-Aug;88(4)

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    2022-09-08 wshxjq
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