CORR:全髋置换术后无症状性菌尿无需治疗

2013-12-31 佚名 丁香园

尿路感染可增加髋关节置换术后感染的几率已成为骨科医生的共识,但是无症状性菌尿对此类患者的影响却不得而知。尽管有研究报道了髋关节置换术前无症状性菌尿的流行情况,但是是否需要治疗、治疗的方式依旧未知。【原文下载】 针对此种情况,来自西班牙的学者Cordero-Ampuero进行了一项前瞻性性研究。其目的在于确定:全髋置换以及半髋置换患者术前无症状性菌尿的发生率;无症状性菌

尿路感染可增加髋关节置换术后感染的几率已成为骨科医生的共识,但是无症状性菌尿对此类患者的影响却不得而知。尽管有研究报道了髋关节置换术前无症状性菌尿的流行情况,但是是否需要治疗、治疗的方式依旧未知。【原文下载】

针对此种情况,来自西班牙的学者Cordero-Ampuero进行了一项前瞻性性研究。其目的在于确定:全髋置换以及半髋置换患者术前无症状性菌尿的发生率;无症状性菌尿患者应用抗生素与否对全髋及半髋置换术患者感染发生的影响。

研究人员前瞻性的选取了自2009年至2010年进行髋关节置换的患者。纳入标准为术前没有感染和尿路症状(尿频、尿急、排尿困难、脓尿以及血尿等)。所有患者在术前12小时进行了尿检。如化验指标异常(比重小于1.006或大于1.030、pH小于4.6或大于7.0、红细胞计数大于5等)则立即进行尿培养。若菌落计数小于10,000/则为阴性;大于100,000则为阳性。介于两者之间时则进行重复培养。将菌落计数大于100,000的患者诊断为无症状性菌尿。

将所有患者随机分为两组(应该是入院时将患者随机入组:编译者注)。对A组患者中尿培养阳性的患者进行为期7天的术后敏感抗生素治疗。B组所有患者除进行常规的抗生素预防外,未进行其它抗生素治疗。常规的抗生素预防包括术前即刻静脉滴注2g头孢唑林和术后18小时内每8小时给予1g头孢唑林。

结果共纳入了471例患者。其中全髋置换228例、平均年龄为68岁、女性患者占54%(122例);半髋置换243例、平均年龄为84岁,女性患者占70%(170)。全髋置换中有66例(28.9%)患者尿检阳性,8例(3.5%)患者尿培养阳性;半髋置换的患者中115例(47.3%)患者尿检阳性,38例(16%)尿培养阳性。进入试验组(A组)尿培养阳性的患者包括3例全髋置换和23例半髋置换;进入对照组(B组)尿培养阳性的患者包括5例全髋置换和15例半髋置换。两组患者总体上无年龄和性别差异。

随访3个月后,全髋置换有1例分到A组的出现感染症状(慢性窦道),但是组织细菌培养阴性。通过清创和经验性抗生素治疗后痊愈。该患者术前尿检阳性,尿培养阴性。

半髋置换的患者有12例(A组6例、B组6例)患者出现感染症状且组织细菌培养阳性,但是细菌种类均不同于尿培养的细菌种类。A中的6例患者有3例尿检正常;2例尿检阳性,但尿培养阴性;1例患者尿培养阳性。B组的6例患者中4例尿检正常,2例尿检阳性、尿培养阴性。7例患者治愈,5例患者死亡(A组3例,B组2例)。随访1年后,全髋置换和半髋置换的患者均未出现新发感染。

鉴于所有感染患者的菌种均与尿培养的菌种不同,研究人员认为术前无症状性菌尿不是髋关节置换术后血源性感染的原因之一。

原文出处:

Cordero-Ampuero J, González-Fernández E, Martínez-Vélez D, Esteban J.Are antibiotics necessary in hip arthroplasty with asymptomatic bacteriuria? Seeding risk with/without treatment.Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2013 Dec;471(12):3822-9. doi: 10.1007/s11999-013-2868-z.【原文下载】

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    2014-03-11 yxch48
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    2014-01-02 psybestwish

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