Chin Med:栀子苷可以减轻心肌缺血/再灌注损伤

2022-09-21 August MedSci原创

在心血管系统中,AMPK 与缺血性疾病之间的关系已经研究了几十年。各种研究发现,AMPK 激活通过减少细胞凋亡、改善缺血后恢复和减少心肌梗塞,对 MI/RI 下的心肌细胞具有保护作用。

心肌缺血/再灌注损伤 (MI/RI) 涉及各种病理状态。临床上部分患者出现血压不稳、严重心律失常、心室收缩功能恶化甚至猝死,明显影响患者生活。增加心肌细胞死亡和加重心肌梗死是缺血再灌注损伤最严重的后果。尽管多年来努力减少缺血再灌注损伤,但 MI/RI 相关死亡率仍然居高不下。因此,确定冠状动脉疾病进展的机制并建立保护心肌免受 MI/RI 损伤的方法非常重要。NLRP3 炎性体激活和细胞焦亡在心肌缺血再灌注损伤 (MI/RI) 中起重要作用。据报道,栀子苷具有抗炎和抗氧化特性,可用于治疗 MI/RI。然而,关于栀子苷的具体作用机制的研究尚未见报道。

方法以雄性C57BL/6J小鼠建立MIRI动物模型,建立缺氧复氧(H/R)模型进行体外实验。使用敲低 TXNIP 或 NLRP3 的新生大鼠心室肌细胞 (NRVM) 和 H9c2 细胞。在血管结扎之前给小鼠施用栀子苷。采用HE染色、2,3,5-三苯基氯化四唑(TTC)染色、超声心动图、氧化应激和心肌酶检测评价栀子苷的心脏保护作用。同时,采用激动剂和抑制剂的药理学方法,观察栀子苷在体外和体内保护心脏的潜在途径。此外,采用ELISA试剂盒检测炎症因子水平,如IL-1β和IL-18。

结果栀子苷可以减少心肌梗死面积,改善心脏功能,并抑制 MI/RI 后小鼠的炎症反应。此外,RT-PCR 和蛋白质印迹显示栀子苷促进 AMPK 磷酸化以激活心肌能量代谢并降低 NLRP3、ASC、N-GSDMD 和切割的 caspase-1、IL-1β、IL-18 的基因和蛋白质表达水平。同时,栀子苷改善了NRVMs的能量代谢,降低了ROS水平和TXNIP蛋白表达,从而抑制了NLRP3的表达。AMPK 拮抗剂或激动剂以及 TXNIP 或 NLRP3 的 siRNA 下调也验证了栀子苷对抗 H/R 损伤的作用。进一步研究发现,栀子苷促进了TXNIP的易位,减少了TXNIP与NLRP3的结合。

栀子苷对小鼠心肌缺血/再灌注损伤保护作用的潜在分子机制

结论研究结果表明,栀子苷可通过 AMPK 信号通路显着抑制 NLRP3 炎症小体的活化,抑制心肌组织中心肌细胞的焦亡。

综上所述,该研究在体内和体外提供强有力证据,表明栀子苷对 MIRI 的治疗益处在很大程度上取决于 AMPK 信号传导的激活和介导炎症和随后与细胞焦亡相关的 ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 的抑制。这些结果不仅阐明了MI/RI的病理机制,而且为未来临床药物的启动和研究提供了途径。

 

原文:Li H, Yang DH, Zhang Y, Zheng F, Gao F, Sun J, Shi G. Geniposide suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis via the AMPK signaling pathway to mitigate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Chin Med. 2022 Jun 17;17(1):73. doi: 10.1186/s13020-022-00616-5. PMID: 35715805; PMCID: PMC9205109.

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    2022-09-15 小小医者

    #栀子苷#可以减轻#心肌缺血#/#再灌注##缺血再灌注#)损伤,这个研究倒有一定的道理,从中医角度,#栀子##凉血#的作用。但是作用价值不会高过#黄连素##中医#的研究确实应该进行大规模有效方剂的筛选,而不是拿来任意药物就开展研究,在动物中的作用,根本无法应用于临床。 对于心肌缺血,有很多可能的中药和单体,远远优于栀子苷,如#三七皂苷#,就很值得研究

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