胃癌胃切除术后早期经口进食是否安全?

2021-11-01 小文子 MedSci原创

对于接受胃切除术的胃癌患者,早期经口进食与更短的住院日和更低的住院费用相关。

研究证明,早期经口进食对大多数手术患者是安全有效的,而外科医生和护士对于接受胃切除术的胃癌患者早期经口进食的安全性仍未可知。International Journal of Nursing Studies杂志的一项研究探讨了胃癌患者胃切除术后早期与延迟经口进食的安全性和可行性。

研究人员检索从开始到2021年3月7日的7个数据库文献。纳入随机对照研究,比较接受胃切除术的胃癌患者早期经口进食和延迟经口进食的效果。早期经口进食定义为在手术当天或术后第1天开始经口进食。延迟经口进食定义为从术后第1天之后开始经口进食。

主要结局是住院天数,次要结局包括住院费用、术后并发症(包括肺炎、吻合口瘘、伤口感染、出血等)、喂养不耐受(如呕吐、恶心、腹泻、便秘和腹胀)、记录排气时间、白蛋白水平和前白蛋白水平。

最终纳入9项研究,1087名接受胃切除术的胃癌患者。结果显示,胃癌患者在胃切除术后早期经口进食的住院天数(MD=-1.50,95%CI, -1.91 ~ -1.10, P<0.001)和住院费用(MD=-4.21, 95%CI, -5.00 ~ -3.42, P<0.001)比延迟经口进食降低。而术后并发症(RR=0.96,95%CI, 0.72~1.26, P=0.76)和喂养不耐受(RR=0.95,95%CI, 0.79~1.15, P=0.62)两组之间无差异。与延迟经口进食相比,早期经口进食的排气时间更短(MD=-0.61,95%CI, -0.81 ~ -0.40,P<0.001),白蛋白水平(MD=3.77, 95%CI, 2.42~5.12, P<0.001)和前白蛋白水平较高(MD=18.11, 95%CI, 15.33~20.88, P<30.001)。此外,远端胃切除术亚组分析结果表明,早期经口进食住院日比延迟经口进食短。

结果显示,对于接受胃切除术的胃癌患者,早期经口进食与更短的住院日和更低的住院费用相关,但不会增加术后并发症或喂养不耐受的发生率。说明胃癌患者胃切除术后早期经口进食是安全可行的。研究人员建议进行高质量随机对照研究以进一步证实胃癌患者胃切除术后早期经口进食的效果,尤其是对接受不同手术方法的患者。未来研究中,应采用更多的指标来验证早期经口进食的可行性和安全性。

原文出处:

Haiyan He , Yuanyuan Ma , Zhiwei Zheng , Xiaolian Deng , Jingci Zhu ,Yaling Wang , Early versus delayed oral feeding after gastrectomy for gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis,International Journal of Nursing Studies(2021), doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.104120

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    2021-11-03 bshuang
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    2021-11-03 gj0737
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