Am J Med:重度低钠血症——去氨加压素使用有讲究

2018-05-09 吴星 环球医学

过度校正重度低钠血症患者的血钠水平与渗透性脱髓鞘综合征相关。去氨加压素(DDAVP)可预防低钠血症患者血钠水平的过度校正。2018年3月,发表在《Am J Med》的一项回顾性观察性研究调查了使用和不使用DDAVP治疗的重度低钠血症患者的结局。

过度校正重度低钠血症患者的血钠水平与渗透性脱髓鞘综合征相关。去氨加压素(DDAVP)可预防低钠血症患者血钠水平的过度校正。2018年3月,发表在《Am J Med》的一项回顾性观察性研究调查了使用和不使用DDAVP治疗的重度低钠血症患者的结局。

目的:此研究的目的为根据DDAVP的使用比较低钠血症患者的结局。

方法:这是一项回顾性观察性研究,研究纳入了2004~2012年所有入住到加拿大多伦多两所大学附属医院内科的低钠血症患者(血钠浓度<123mEq/L)。首要结局指标为安全钠校正(任何24小时≤12mEq/L,任何48小时≤18mEq/L)。

结果:研究人员鉴别出1450例因重度低钠血症而住院的患者,其中254例(17.5%)接受了DDAVP。虽然DDAVP可降低血钠改变率,但是DDAVP组实现安全校正的患者数更少(174/251(69.3%)vs 970/1164(83.3%)),该结果主要由救援组DDAVP给药前发生的过度校正造成。4/1450例住院患者(0.28%)发生疑似渗透性脱髓鞘综合征。DDAVP组的死亡率较低(3.9% vs 9.4%),但可能受到混杂因素的影响。由于使用了主动治疗策略,因此DDAVP患者的住院日较长。

结论:虽然是观察性研究,但这些数据支持了处于渗透性脱髓鞘综合征平均风险的患者可使用DDAVP作为反应策略,以及高风险患者任何24小时期间以8mEq/L作为紧急血钠校正限。迫切需要进一步的研究探讨DDAVP治疗低钠血症。

原始出处:

MacMillan TE, Cavalcanti RB. Outcomes in Severe Hyponatremia Treated With and Without Desmopressin. Am J Med. 2018 Mar;131(3):317.e1-317.e10. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2017.09.048. Epub 2017 Oct 20.

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    2018-09-20 fyxzlh
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    2018-05-11 zz12341238
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